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Most of our intuition about the behavior of physical systems is shaped by observations at or near thermal equilibrium. However, even a thermal quench can lead to states far from thermal equilibrium, where counterintuitive, anomalous effects…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-11 Gianluca Teza , John Bechhoefer , Antonio Lasanta , Oren Raz , Marija Vucelja

The counterintuitive Mpemba effect, wherein a hotter system cools faster, critically lacks a general macroscopic theory. Here, starting from linear irreversible thermodynamics, we formulate a generalized Newton's cooling law,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-21 Yun-Qian Lin , Z. C. Tu , Yu-Han Ma

We propose using the dynamical invariant also known as the Lewis-Riesenfeld invariant, to speed-up the equilibration of a driven open quantum system. This allows us to reverse engineer the time-dependent master equation that describes the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 Mohamed Boubakour , Shimpei Endo , Thomás Fogarty , Thomas Busch

The quantum Pontus-Mpemba effect is a counterintuitive phenomenon in which a quantum system relaxes faster through a two-step evolution protocol than through a single, unquenched relaxation. This work proposes its realization in cavity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-08 Stefano Longhi

For sufficiently low reservoir temperatures, it is known that open quantum systems subject to decoherent interactions with the reservoir relax towards their ground state in the weak coupling limit. Within the framework of quantum master…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-01-07 Malte Vogl , Gernot Schaller , Tobias Brandes

The quantum Mpemba effect (QMpE) describes an anomalous thermalization phenomenon in which quantum states initially far from equilibrium can approach thermal equilibrium faster than states that begin closer to it. While this effect has been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-06 Zi-Shen Li , Yuxiang Yang

Understanding relaxation in isolated quantum many-body systems remains a central challenge. Recently, the quantum Mpemba effect (QME), a counterintuitive relaxation phenomenon, has attracted considerable attention and has been extensively…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-18 Hao-Yue Qi , Wei Zheng

The Mpemba effect refers to systems whose thermal relaxation time is a non-monotonic function of the initial temperature. Thus, a system that is initially hot cools to a bath temperature more quickly than the same system, initially warm. In…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-03-31 Raphaël Chétrite , Avinash Kumar , John Bechhoefer

We investigate the direct and inverse Mpemba effects within the framework of the time-delayed Newton's law of cooling by introducing and analyzing the Descartes protocol, a three-reservoir thermal scheme in which each sample undergoes a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-09 Andrés Santos

We find analytically the complete set of eigenvalues and eigenvectors associated with Metropolis dynamics on a complete graph. As an application, we use this information to study a counter-intuitive relaxation phenomenon, called the Mpemba…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-02-07 Israel Klich , Marija Vucelja

Diagonalization of the effective Hamiltonian describing an open quantum system is the usual method of tracking its exceptional points. Although, such a method is successful for tracking EPs in Markovian systems, it may be problematic in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-22 G. Mouloudakis , P. Lambropoulos

Open Markovian quantum systems with fast and full Hamiltonian control can be reduced to an equivalent control system on the standard simplex modelling the dynamics of the eigenvalues of the density matrix describing the quantum state. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-04 Emanuel Malvetti , Frederik vom Ende , Gunther Dirr , Thomas Schulte-Herbrüggen

We demonstrate a surprising connection between pure steady state entanglement and relaxation timescales in an extremely broad class of Markovian open systems, where two (possibly many-body) systems $A$ and $B$ interact locally with a common…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-17 Andrew Pocklington , Aashish A. Clerk

Mpemba effect refers to the counterintuitive phenomenon of a hotter system equilibrating faster than a colder system when both are quenched to the same low temperature. For a Brownian particle trapped in a piece-wise linear single well…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-05-12 Apurba Biswas , R. Rajesh

The Mpemba Effect can be studied with Markovian dynamics in a non-equilibrium thermodynamics framework. The Markovian Mpemba Effect can be observed in a variety of systems including the Ising model. We demonstrate that the Markovian Mpemba…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-03-26 Felipe Amorim , Joey Wisely , Nathan Buckley , Christiana DiNardo , Daniel Sadasivan

Random fluctuations caused by environmental noise can lead to decoherence in quantum systems. Exploring and controlling such dissipative processes is both fundamentally intriguing and essential for harnessing quantum systems to gain…

Realistic quantum mechanical systems are always exposed to an external environment. The presence of the environment often gives rise to a Markovian process in which the system loses information to its surroundings. However, many quantum…

We study the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of entanglement fluctuations in the $\nu=1$ Quantum Symmetric Simple Exclusion Process, a free-fermion chain with hopping amplitudes that are stochastic in time but homogeneous in space. Previous…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-11 Angelo Russotto , Filiberto Ares , Pasquale Calabrese , Vincenzo Alba

Open systems with gain and loss, described by non-trace-preserving, non-Hermitian Hamiltonians, have been a subject of intense research recently. The effect of exceptional-point degeneracies on the dynamics of classical systems has been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-01 M. Naghiloo , M. Abbasi , Yogesh N. Joglekar , K. W. Murch

Quantum thermalization in contemporary quantum devices, in particular quantum computers, has recently attracted significant theoretical interest. Unusual thermalization processes, such as the Quantum Mpemba Effect (QME), have been explored…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-05 Marc Espinosa Edo , Lian-Ao Wu
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