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Standard sequence mixing layers used in language models struggle to balance efficiency and performance. Self-attention performs well on long context tasks but has expensive quadratic compute and linear memory costs, while linear attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Nick Alonso , Tomas Figliolia , Beren Millidge

The attention mechanism has demonstrated remarkable potential in sequence modeling, exemplified by its successful application in natural language processing with models such as Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Bowen Zhao , Huanlai Xing , Zhiwen Xiao , Jincheng Peng , Li Feng , Xinhan Wang , Rong Qu , Hui Li

We propose here an extended attention model for sequence-to-sequence recurrent neural networks (RNNs) designed to capture (pseudo-)periods in time series. This extended attention model can be deployed on top of any RNN and is shown to yield…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-22 Yagmur G. Cinar , Hamid Mirisaee , Parantapa Goswami , Eric Gaussier , Ali Ait-Bachir , Vadim Strijov

Time-series forecasting in real-world applications such as finance and energy often faces challenges due to limited training data and complex, noisy temporal dynamics. Existing deep forecasting models typically supervise predictions using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Jiacheng You , Jingcheng Yang , Yuhang Xie , Zhongxuan Wu , Xiucheng Li , Feng Li , Pengjie Wang , Jian Xu , Bo Zheng , Xinyang Chen

Time series analysis faces significant challenges in handling variable-length data and achieving robust generalization. While Transformer-based models have advanced time series tasks, they often struggle with feature redundancy and limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Kai Zhang , Siming Sun , Zhengyu Fan , Qinmin Yang , Xuejun Jiang

Accurate trajectory prediction is vital for safe autonomous driving, yet existing approaches struggle to balance modeling power and computational efficiency. Attention-based architectures incur quadratic complexity with increasing agents,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yizhou Huang , Gengze Jiang , Yihua Cheng , Kezhi Wang

Recurrent neural networks are effective models to process sequences. However, they are unable to learn long-term dependencies because of their inherent sequential nature. As a solution, Vaswani et al. introduced the Transformer, a model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Quentin Fournier , Gaétan Marceau Caron , Daniel Aloise

Time series forecasting requires capturing patterns across multiple temporal scales while maintaining computational efficiency. This paper introduces AWGformer, a novel architecture that integrates adaptive wavelet decomposition with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Wei Li

There has been a recent surge of interest in time series modeling using the Transformer architecture. However, forecasting multivariate time series with Transformer presents a unique challenge as it requires modeling both temporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Yu-Hsiang Lan , Eric K. Oermann

We study a fast local-global window-based attention method to accelerate Informer for long sequence time-series forecasting. While window attention being local is a considerable computational saving, it lacks the ability to capture global…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Nhat Thanh Tran , Jack Xin

With the development of feed-forward models, the default model for sequence modeling has gradually evolved to replace recurrent networks. Many powerful feed-forward models based on convolutional networks and attention mechanism were…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Hongyan Hao , Yan Wang , Siqiao Xue , Yudi Xia , Jian Zhao , Furao Shen

Capturing complex temporal patterns and relationships within multivariate data streams is a difficult task. We propose the Temporal Kolmogorov-Arnold Transformer (TKAT), a novel attention-based architecture designed to address this task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Remi Genet , Hugo Inzirillo

Attention mechanisms have been extensively employed in various applications, including time series modeling, owing to their capacity to capture intricate dependencies; however, their utility is often constrained by quadratic computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Mingtao Zhang , Guoli Yang , Zhanxing Zhu , Mengzhu Wang , Xiaoying Bai

Existing research largely attributes the global sequence modeling capability of Transformers to the explicit computation of attention weights, a process that inherently incurs quadratic computational complexity. In this work, we offer a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Ruize He , Dongchen Han , Gao Huang

Key-value (KV) caching is critical for efficient inference in large language models (LLMs), yet its memory footprint scales linearly with context length, resulting in a severe scalability bottleneck. Existing approaches largely treat KV…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Gradwell Dzikanyanga , Weihao Yang , Hao Huang , Donglei Wu , Shihao Wang , Wen Xia , Sanjeeb K C

Recently, frequency transformation (FT) has been increasingly incorporated into deep learning models to significantly enhance state-of-the-art accuracy and efficiency in time series analysis. The advantages of FT, such as high efficiency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Kun Yi , Qi Zhang , Wei Fan , Longbing Cao , Shoujin Wang , Guodong Long , Liang Hu , Hui He , Qingsong Wen , Hui Xiong

Transformer-based models are unable to process long sequences due to their self-attention operation, which scales quadratically with the sequence length. To address this limitation, we introduce the Longformer with an attention mechanism…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Iz Beltagy , Matthew E. Peters , Arman Cohan

Scaling sequence length has become a critical demand in the era of large language models. However, existing methods struggle with either computational complexity or model expressivity, rendering the maximum sequence length restricted. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Jiayu Ding , Shuming Ma , Li Dong , Xingxing Zhang , Shaohan Huang , Wenhui Wang , Nanning Zheng , Furu Wei

Time series forecasting has played the key role in different industrial, including finance, traffic, energy, and healthcare domains. While existing literatures have designed many sophisticated architectures based on RNNs, GNNs, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Kun Yi , Qi Zhang , Wei Fan , Shoujin Wang , Pengyang Wang , Hui He , Defu Lian , Ning An , Longbing Cao , Zhendong Niu

The integration of Fourier transform and deep learning opens new avenues for time series forecasting. We reconsider the Fourier transform from a basis functions perspective. Specifically, the real and imaginary parts of the frequency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Runze Yang , Longbing Cao , Xin You , Kun Fang , Jianxun Li , Jie Yang