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Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have sparked considerable interest in automated theorem proving and a prominent line of research integrates stepwise LLM-based provers into tree search. In this paper, we introduce a novel…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Junyu Lai , Jiakun Zhang , Shuo Xu , Taolue Chen , Zihang Wang , Yao Yang , Jiarui Zhang , Chun Cao , Jingwei Xu

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Feedback (RLVF) has become a key technique for enhancing the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, its reliance on sparse, outcome based rewards, which only indicate if a final…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Ang Li , Zhihang Yuan , Yang Zhang , Shouda Liu , Yisen Wang

Formal specifications are crucial for building verifiable and dependable software systems, yet generating accurate and verifiable specifications for real-world C programs remains challenging. This paper presents an empirical evaluation of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Arshad Beg , Diarmuid O'Donoghue , Rosemary Monahan

While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success on a broad range of tasks, math reasoning remains a challenging one. One of the approaches for improving math reasoning is self-correction, which designs self-improving…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Xutong Zhao , Tengyu Xu , Xuewei Wang , Zhengxing Chen , Di Jin , Liang Tan , Yen-Ting , Zishun Yu , Zhuokai Zhao , Yun He , Sinong Wang , Han Fang , Sarath Chandar , Chen Zhu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for high-stakes decision-making, yet existing approaches struggle to reconcile scalability, interpretability, and reproducibility. Black-box models obscure their reasoning, while recent…

In today's rapidly evolving field of electronic design automation (EDA), the complexity of hardware designs is increasing, necessitating more sophisticated automation solutions. High-level synthesis (HLS), as a pivotal solution, automates…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-08-06 M Zafir Sadik Khan , Nowfel Mashnoor , Mohammad Akyash , Kimia Azar , Hadi Kamali

Dynamic Symbolic Execution (DSE) is a key technique in program analysis, widely used in software testing, vulnerability discovery, and formal verification. In distributed AI systems, DSE plays a crucial role in identifying hard-to-detect…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Ruoxi Wang , Kun Li , Minghui Xu , Yue Zhang , Kaidi Xu , Chunchi Liu , Yinhao Xiao , Xiuzhen Cheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) require precise alignment with complex instructions to optimize their performance in real-world applications. As the demand for refined instruction tuning data increases, traditional methods that evolve simple…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Jiuding Yang , Shengyao Lu , Weidong Guo , Xiangyang Li , Kaitong Yang , Yu Xu , Di Niu

We present a framework for training trustworthy large language model (LLM) agents for optimization modeling via a verifiable synthetic data generation pipeline. Focusing on linear and mixed-integer linear programming, our approach begins…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Vinicius Lima , Dzung T. Phan , Jayant Kalagnanam , Dhaval Patel , Nianjun Zhou

``Vibe coding'' -- the practice of developing software through iteratively conversing with a large language model (LLM) -- has exploded in popularity within the last year. However, developers report key limitations including the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Jacqueline Mitchell , Yasser Shaaban

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used for downstream tasks such as tabular classification, where ensuring fairness in their outputs is critical for inclusivity, equal representation, and responsible AI deployment. This study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Garima Chhikara , Kripabandhu Ghosh , Abhijnan Chakraborty

The effectiveness of collision-free trajectory planners depends on the quality and diversity of training data, especially for rare scenarios. A widely used approach to improve dataset diversity involves generating realistic synthetic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Konstantin Poddubnyy , Igor Vozniak , Ivan Burmistrov , Nils Lipp , Davit Hovhannisyan , Christian Mueller , Philipp Slusallek

The automatic verification of programs that maintain unbounded low-level data structures is a critical and open problem. Analyzers and verifiers developed in previous work can synthesize invariants that only describe data structures of…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-10-11 Caleb Voss , David Heath , William Harris

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into robotic control, including drones, has the potential to revolutionize autonomous systems. Research studies have demonstrated that LLMs can be leveraged to support robotic operations.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Wenhao Wang , Yanyan Li , Long Jiao , Jiawei Yuan

As the ubiquity and complexity of system-on-chip (SoC) designs increase across electronic devices, the task of incorporating security into an SoC design flow poses significant challenges. Existing security solutions are inadequate to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Dipayan Saha , Shams Tarek , Katayoon Yahyaei , Sujan Kumar Saha , Jingbo Zhou , Mark Tehranipoor , Farimah Farahmandi

A C decompiler converts an executable into source code. The recovered C source code, once re-compiled, is expected to produce an executable with the same functionality as the original executable. With over twenty years of development, C…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Wai Kin Wong , Huaijin Wang , Zongjie Li , Zhibo Liu , Shuai Wang , Qiyi Tang , Sen Nie , Shi Wu

Hallucinations (i.e., generating plausible but inaccurate content) and laziness (i.e. excessive refusals or defaulting to "I don't know") persist as major challenges in LLM reasoning. Current efforts to reduce hallucinations primarily focus…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Zirui Zhao , Hanze Dong , Amrita Saha , Caiming Xiong , Doyen Sahoo

Large Language Model (LLM) can enhance its credibility and verifiability by generating text with citations. However, existing research on citation generation is predominantly limited to sentence-level statements, neglecting the significance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yilong Xu , Jinhua Gao , Xiaoming Yu , Baolong Bi , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

The Satisfiability (SAT) problem is a core challenge with significant applications in software engineering, including automated testing, configuration management, and program verification. This paper presents SolSearch, a novel framework…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Junjie Sheng , Yanqiu Lin , Jiehao Wu , Yanhong Huang , Jianqi Shi , Min Zhang , Xiangfeng Wang

Early-stage specifications of safety-critical systems are typically expressed in natural language, making it difficult to derive formal properties suitable for verification and needed to guarantee safety. While recent Large Language Model…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Alberto Tagliaferro , Bruno Guindani , Livia Lestingi , Matteo Rossi