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The recent progress of artificial intelligence (AI) has boosted the computational possibilities in fields where standard computers are not able to perform. The AI paradigm is to emulate human intelligence and therefore breaks the familiar…

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are an advanced fusion of neuroscience and artificial intelligence, requiring stable and long-term decoding of neural signals. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), with their neuronal dynamics and spike-based…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Yu Song , Liyuan Han , Bo Xu , Tielin Zhang

Recent advances in memory technologies, devices and materials have shown great potential for integration into neuromorphic electronic systems. However, a significant gap remains between the development of these materials and the realization…

The next generation of smart imaging and vision systems will require compact and tunable optical computing hardware to perform high-speed and low-power image processing. These requirements are driving the development of computing…

Transient or partial synchronization can be used to do computations, although a fully synchronized network is frequently related to epileptic seizures. Here, we propose a homeostatic mechanism that is capable of maintaining a neuronal…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2024-05-21 Sue L. Rhâmidda , Mauricio Girardi-Schappo , Osame Kinouchi

With the increasing reliance of users on smart devices, bringing essential computation at the edge has become a crucial requirement for any type of business. Many such computations utilize Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs) to perform AI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Tanmay Jain , Avaneesh , Rohit Verma , Rajeev Shorey

Despite all the progress of semiconductor integrated circuit technology, the extreme complexity of the human cerebral cortex makes the hardware implementation of neuromorphic networks with a comparable number of devices exceptionally…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2015-05-20 Mirko Prezioso , Farnood Merrikh-Bayat , Brian Hoskins , Gina Adam , Konstantin K. Likharev , Dmitri B. Strukov

To support emerging applications ranging from holographic communications to extended reality, next-generation mobile wireless communication systems require ultra-fast and energy-efficient (UFEE) baseband processors. Traditional…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-10 Qunsong Zeng , Jiawei Liu , Jun Lan , Yi Gong , Zhongrui Wang , Yida Li , Kaibin Huang

Synchronization of coupled oscillators is observed at multiple levels of neural systems, and has been shown to play an important function in visual perception. We propose a computing system based on locally coupled oscillator networks for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-09-24 Yan Fang , Matthew J. Cotter , Donald M. Chiarulli , Steven P. Levitan

Superconducting digital circuits are a promising approach to build packaged-level integrated systems with high energy-efficiency and computational density. In such systems, performance of the data link between chips mounted on a multi-chip…

Imaging and Image sensors is a field that is continuously evolving. There are new products coming into the market every day. Some of these have very severe Size, Weight and Power constraints whereas other devices have to handle very high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-04-01 Nihar Athreyas , Zhiguo Lai , Jai Gupta , Dev Gupta

As it is getting increasingly difficult to achieve gains in the density and power efficiency of microelectronic computing devices because of lithographic techniques reaching fundamental physical limits, new approaches are required to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-07-05 Jean C. Coulombe , Mark C. A. York , Julien Sylvestre

Neuromorphic computing-modelled after the functionality and efficiency of biological neural systems-offers promising new directions for advancing artificial intelligence and computational models. Photonic techniques for neuromorphic…

Emulating various facets of computing principles of the brain can potentially lead to the development of neuro-computers that are able to exhibit brain-like cognitive capabilities. In this letter, we propose a magnetoelectronic neuron that…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Kezhou Yang , Abhronil Sengupta

Neuromorphic devices have gained significant attention as potential building blocks for the next generation of computing technologies owing to their ability to emulate the functionalities of biological nervous systems. The essential…

Reservoir computing is an information processing technique, derived from the theory of neural networks, which is easy to implement in hardware. Several reservoir computer hardware implementations have been realized recently with performance…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2014-06-13 François Duport , Akram Akrout , Anteo Smerieri , Marc Haelterman , Serge Massar

Modern-day computers use electrical signaling for processing and storing data which is bandwidth limited and power-hungry. These limitations are bypassed in the field of communications, where optical signaling is the norm. To exploit…

Coupled oscillator-based networks are an attractive approach for implementing hardware neural networks based on emerging nanotechnologies. However, the readout of the state of a coupled oscillator network is a difficult challenge in…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-07-08 Damir Vodenicarevic , Nicolas Locatelli , Julie Grollier , Damien Querlioz

Neurons in the brain behave as a network of coupled nonlinear oscillators processing information by rhythmic activity and interaction. Several technological approaches have been proposed that might enable mimicking the complex information…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-11-07 M. Vogel , B. Zimmermann , J. Wild , F. Schwarzhuber , C. Mewes , T. Mewes , J. Zweck , C. H. Back

We demonstrate the use of machine learning through convolutional neural networks to solve inverse design problems of optical resonator engineering. The neural network finds a harmonic modulation of a spherical mirror to generate a resonator…

Optics · Physics 2022-02-08 Denis V. Karpov , Sergei Kurdiumov , Peter Horak