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Optical detection of individual nanometer-sized analytes, virus particles, and protein molecules holds great promise for understanding and control of biological samples and healthcare applications. As fluorescent labels impose restrictions…

Optics · Physics 2020-10-19 Martin Dieter Baaske , Peter Sebastian Neu , Michel Orrit

Label-free cell classification is advantageous for supplying pristine cells for further use or examination, yet existing techniques frequently fall short in terms of specificity and speed. In this study, we address these limitations through…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-25 Khayrul Islam , Ratul Paul , Shen Wang , Yuwen Zhao , Partho Adhikary , Qiying Li , Xiaochen Qin , Yaling Liu

The differentiation between pathological subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is an essential step in guiding treatment options and prognosis. However, current clinical practice relies on multi-step staining and labelling…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-10 Zhenya Zang , David A Dorward , Katherine E Quiohilag , Andrew DJ Wood , James R Hopgood , Ahsan R Akram , Qiang Wang

Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at the atomic scale offers exciting prospects for determining the structure and function of individual molecules and proteins. Quantum defects in diamond have recently emerged as a promising platform…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-06 K. S. Cujia , K. Herb , J. Zopes , J. M. Abendroth , C. L. Degen

Gene panel selection aims to identify the most informative genomic biomarkers in label-free genomic datasets. Traditional approaches, which rely on domain expertise, embedded machine learning models, or heuristic-based iterative…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-12 Meng Xiao , Weiliang Zhang , Xiaohan Huang , Hengshu Zhu , Min Wu , Xiaoli Li , Yuanchun Zhou

Combining optical tweezers with fluorescence microscopy is a powerful tool for single-cell analysis, playing a pivotal role in disease diagnosis, cell sorting, and the investigation of cellular dynamics. However, fluorescence detection…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-07 Jun Yin , Sanyou Chen , Yihao Yan , Mengqi Wang , Ya Wang , Yiheng Lin , Qi Zhang , Fazhan Shi

Characterization of the molecular properties of surfaces under ambient or chemically reactive conditions is a fundamental scientific challenge. Moreover, many traditional analytical techniques used for probing surfaces often lack dynamic or…

The recognition of multi-class cell nuclei can significantly facilitate the process of histopathological diagnosis. Numerous pathological datasets are currently available, but their annotations are inconsistent. Most existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Junjia Huang , Haofeng Li , Xiang Wan , Guanbin Li

Quantum technologies have seen a rapid developmental surge over the last couple of years. Though often overshadowed by quantum computation, quantum sensors show tremendous potential for widespread applications in chemistry and biology. One…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-30 Robin D. Allert , Karl D. Briegel , Dominik B. Bucher

Single-molecule nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a crown-jewel challenge in the field of magnetic resonance spectroscopy and has important applications in chemical analysis and in quantum computing. Recently, it becomes possible to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Fazhan Shi , Xi Kong , Pengfei Wang , Fei Kong , Nan Zhao , Ren-Bao Liu , Jiangfeng Du

The detection of nuclear spins using individual electron spins has enabled new opportunities in quantum sensing and quantum information processing. Proof-of-principle experiments have demonstrated atomic-scale imaging of nuclear-spin…

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revolutionized diagnostic medicine and biomedical research by allowing a noninvasive access to spin ensembles. To enhance MRI resolution to the nanometer scale, new approaches including scanning probe…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-10-23 Philip Willke , Kai Yang , Yujeong Bae , Andreas J. Heinrich , Christopher P. Lutz

Nuclear spin imaging at the atomic level is essential for the understanding of fundamental biological phenomena and for applications such as drug discovery. The advent of novel nano-scale sensors has given hope of achieving the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-25 Ashok Ajoy , Ulf Bissbort , Mikhail D. Lukin , Ronald L. Walsworth , Paola Cappellaro

In relation to recent experimental data [1], we develop a theory framework for demonstrating the feasibility of detecting sharp Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) oscillations in a real time ESR data. The procedure is to follow real time…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-09-04 Baruch Horovitz , Alexander Shnirman

Label-free biosensors are important tools for clinical diagnostics and for studying biology at the single molecule level. The development of optical label-free sensors has allowed extreme sensitivity, but can expose the biological sample to…

The nuclear spin is a prime candidate for quantum information applications due to its weak coupling to the environment and inherently long coherence times. However, this weak coupling also challenges the addressability of the nuclear spin.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-15 Hester G. Vennema , Cristina Mier , Evert W. Stolte , Leonard Edens , Jinwon Lee , Sander Otte

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) based quantum sensors hold great potential for real-time single-cell sensing with far-reaching applications in fundamental biology and medical diagnostics. Although highly sensitive, the mapping of quantum measurements…

Quantum sensing with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond promises to revolutionize biological research and medical diagnostics. Thanks to their high sensitivity, NV sensors could, in principle, detect specific binding events with…

Deep learning has achieved spectacular performance in image and speech recognition and synthesis. It outperforms other machine learning algorithms in problems where large amounts of data are available. In the area of measurement technology,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2019-08-20 Yueqin Li , Ata Mahjoubfar , Claire Lifan Chen , Kayvan Reza Niazi , Li Pei , Bahram Jalali

We present a method for a real time visualization and automatic processing for detection and classification of untouched cancer cells in blood during stain free imaging flow cytometry using digital holographic microscopy and machine…

Biological Physics · Physics 2021-06-15 Noga Nissim , Matan Dudaie , Itay Barnea. , Natan T. Shaked