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Accurately quantifying uncertainty in large language models (LLMs) is crucial for their reliable deployment, especially in high-stakes applications. Current state-of-the-art methods for measuring semantic uncertainty in LLMs rely on strict…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Yashvir S. Grewal , Edwin V. Bonilla , Thang D. Bui

Using a vocabulary that is shared across languages is common practice in Multilingual Neural Machine Translation (MNMT). In addition to its simple design, shared tokens play an important role in positive knowledge transfer, assuming that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Di Wu , Christof Monz

Advancements in prompt tuning of vision-language models have underscored their potential in enhancing open-world visual concept comprehension. However, prior works only primarily focus on single-mode (only one prompt for each modality) and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Dongsheng Wang , Miaoge Li , Xinyang Liu , MingSheng Xu , Bo Chen , Hanwang Zhang

Analyzing the pattern of semantic variation in long real-world texts such as books or transcripts is interesting from the stylistic, cognitive, and linguistic perspectives. It is also useful for applications such as text segmentation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Deven M. Mistry , Ali A. Minai

Prompting methods have shown impressive performance in a variety of text mining tasks and applications, especially few-shot ones. Despite the promising prospects, the performance of prompting model largely depends on the design of prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Hongyuan Dong , Weinan Zhang , Wanxiang Che

Recognizing semantically similar sentences or paragraphs across languages is beneficial for many tasks, ranging from cross-lingual information retrieval and plagiarism detection to machine translation. Recently proposed methods for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-01-22 Goran Glavaš , Marc Franco-Salvador , Simone Paolo Ponzetto , Paolo Rosso

Decoder-based large language models (LLMs) have shown high performance on many tasks in natural language processing. This is also true for sentence embedding learning, where a decoder-based model, PromptEOL, has achieved the best…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Soma Sato , Hayato Tsukagoshi , Ryohei Sasano , Koichi Takeda

Sentence embedding models play a key role in various Natural Language Processing tasks, such as in Topic Modeling, Document Clustering and Recommendation Systems. However, these models rely heavily on parallel data, which can be scarce for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Fred Philippy , Siwen Guo , Jacques Klein , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé

Text matching is a fundamental technique in both information retrieval and natural language processing. Text matching tasks share the same paradigm that determines the relationship between two given texts. The relationships vary from task…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Shicheng Xu , Liang Pang , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Word embedding algorithms produce very reliable feature representations of words that are used by neural network models across a constantly growing multitude of NLP tasks. As such, it is imperative for NLP practitioners to understand how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Kian Kenyon-Dean

While BERT produces high-quality sentence embeddings, its pre-training computational cost is a significant drawback. In contrast, ELECTRA provides a cost-effective pre-training objective and downstream task performance improvements, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Ivan Rep , David Dukić , Jan Šnajder

A plethora of sentence embedding models makes it challenging to choose one, especially for technical domains rich with specialized vocabulary. In this work, we domain adapt embeddings using telecom data for question answering. We evaluate…

Multilingual pre-trained models exhibit zero-shot cross-lingual transfer, where a model fine-tuned on a source language achieves surprisingly good performance on a target language. While studies have attempted to understand transfer, they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Henry Tang , Ameet Deshpande , Karthik Narasimhan

Pre-trained models (PTMs) have shown great promise in the speech and audio domain. Embeddings leveraged from these models serve as inputs for learning algorithms with applications in various downstream tasks. One such crucial task is Speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-25 Orchid Chetia Phukan , Arun Balaji Buduru , Rajesh Sharma

We present models for embedding words in the context of surrounding words. Such models, which we refer to as token embeddings, represent the characteristics of a word that are specific to a given context, such as word sense, syntactic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-13 Lifu Tu , Kevin Gimpel , Karen Livescu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently shown remarkable advancement in various NLP tasks. As such, a popular trend has emerged lately where NLP researchers extract word/sentence/document embeddings from these large decoder-only models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yash Mahajan , Matthew Freestone , Sathyanarayanan Aakur , Santu Karmaker

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently shown remarkable advancement in various NLP tasks. As such, a popular trend has emerged lately where NLP researchers extract word/sentence/document embeddings from these large decoder-only models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yash Mahajan , Matthew Freestone , Naman Bansal , Sathyanarayanan Aakur , Shubhra Kanti Karmaker Santu

Contextual embeddings represent a new generation of semantic representations learned from Neural Language Modelling (NLM) that addresses the issue of meaning conflation hampering traditional word embeddings. In this work, we show that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Daniel Loureiro , Alipio Jorge

Recent work has shown that a model's input word embeddings can serve as effective control variables for steering its behavior toward outputs that satisfy desired properties. However, this has only been demonstrated for pretrained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Baturay Saglam , Dionysis Kalogerias

Producing the embedding of a sentence in an unsupervised way is valuable to natural language matching and retrieval problems in practice. In this work, we conduct a thorough examination of pretrained model based unsupervised sentence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-12 Junjie Huang , Duyu Tang , Wanjun Zhong , Shuai Lu , Linjun Shou , Ming Gong , Daxin Jiang , Nan Duan