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We introduce a new method inspired by Adam that enhances convergence speed and achieves better loss function minima. Traditional optimizers, including Adam, apply uniform or globally adjusted learning rates across neural networks without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Remi Genet , Hugo Inzirillo

The adaptive moment estimation (Adam) optimizer proposed by Kingma & Ba (2014) is presumably the most popular stochastic gradient descent (SGD) optimization method for the training of deep neural networks (DNNs) in artificial intelligence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Steffen Dereich , Thang Do , Arnulf Jentzen

Training language models becomes increasingly expensive with scale, prompting numerous attempts to improve optimization efficiency. Despite these efforts, the Adam optimizer remains the most widely used, due to a prevailing view that it is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Rosie Zhao , Depen Morwani , David Brandfonbrener , Nikhil Vyas , Sham Kakade

The Adaptive Momentum Estimation (Adam) algorithm is highly effective in training various deep learning tasks. Despite this, there's limited theoretical understanding for Adam, especially when focusing on its vanilla form in non-convex…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-25 Yusu Hong , Junhong Lin

Adaptive optimization algorithms, particularly Adam and its variant AdamW, are fundamental components of modern deep learning. However, their training dynamics lack comprehensive theoretical understanding, with limited insight into why…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Rhys Gould , Hidenori Tanaka

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and its many variants are the widespread optimization algorithms for training deep neural networks. However, SGD suffers from inevitable drawbacks, including vanishing gradients, lack of theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Zeinab Ebrahimi , Gustavo Batista , Mohammad Deghat

Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam), which combines Adaptive Learning Rate and Momentum, would be the most popular stochastic optimizer for accelerating the training of deep neural networks. However, it is empirically known that Adam often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Zeke Xie , Xinrui Wang , Huishuai Zhang , Issei Sato , Masashi Sugiyama

Gradient descent based optimization methods are the methods of choice to train deep neural networks in machine learning. Beyond the standard gradient descent method, also suitable modified variants of standard gradient descent involving…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-29 Steffen Dereich , Arnulf Jentzen , Adrian Riekert

In this work, to efficiently help escape the stationary and saddle points, we propose, analyze, and generalize a stochastic strategy performed as an operator for a first-order gradient descent algorithm in order to increase the target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Wei Zhang , Yu Bao

Motivated by broad applications in machine learning, we study the popular accelerated stochastic gradient descent (ASGD) algorithm for solving (possibly nonconvex) optimization problems. We characterize the finite-time performance of this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-10-20 Thinh T. Doan , Lam M. Nguyen , Nhan H. Pham , Justin Romberg

There is a growing interest in using robust control theory to analyze and design optimization and machine learning algorithms. This paper studies a class of nonconvex optimization problems whose cost functions satisfy the so-called…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-12-11 Huaqing Xiong , Yuejie Chi , Bin Hu , Wei Zhang

We introduce MADGRAD, a novel optimization method in the family of AdaGrad adaptive gradient methods. MADGRAD shows excellent performance on deep learning optimization problems from multiple fields, including classification and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Aaron Defazio , Samy Jelassi

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a standard optimization method to minimize a training error with respect to network parameters in modern neural network learning. However, it typically suffers from proliferation of saddle points in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-23 Haiping Huang , Taro Toyoizumi

Training deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents necessitates overcoming the highly unstable nonconvex stochastic optimization inherent in the trial-and-error mechanism. To tackle this challenge, we propose a physics-inspired optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Yao Lyu , Xiangteng Zhang , Shengbo Eben Li , Jingliang Duan , Letian Tao , Qing Xu , Lei He , Keqiang Li

Adam is applied widely to train neural networks. Different kinds of Adam methods with different features pop out. Recently two new adam optimizers, AdaBelief and Padam are introduced among the community. We analyze these two adam optimizers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Zhaoyang Zhu , Haozhe Sun , Chi Zhang

Classical machine learning models such as deep neural networks are usually trained by using Stochastic Gradient Descent-based (SGD) algorithms. The classical SGD can be interpreted as a discretization of the stochastic gradient flow. In…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-03 Valentin Leplat , Daniil Merkulov , Aleksandr Katrutsa , Daniel Bershatsky , Olga Tsymboi , Ivan Oseledets

Communication has been seen as a significant bottleneck in industrial applications over large-scale networks. To alleviate the communication burden, sign-based optimization algorithms have gained popularity recently in both industrial and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-07 Xiuxian Li , Kuo-Yi Lin , Li Li , Yiguang Hong , Jie Chen

This paper provides the first tight convergence analyses for RMSProp and Adam in non-convex optimization under the most relaxed assumptions of coordinate-wise generalized smoothness and affine noise variance. We first analyze RMSProp, which…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-11 Qi Zhang , Yi Zhou , Shaofeng Zou

Optimization algorithms are pivotal in advancing various scientific and industrial fields but often encounter obstacles such as trapping in local minima, saddle points, and plateaus (flat regions), which makes the convergence to reasonable…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-15 Amir M. Vahedi , Horea T. Ilies

Adam has proven remarkable successful in training deep neural networks, but the mechanisms underlying its empirical successes and limitations remain underexplored. In this study, we demonstrate that the effectiveness of Adam stems largely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Hanyang Peng , Shuang Qin , Yue Yu , Fangqing Jiang , Hui Wang , Wen Gao
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