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Transformer architectures dominate modern NLP but often demand heavy computational resources and intricate hyperparameter tuning. To mitigate these challenges, we propose a novel framework, BoostTransformer, that augments transformers with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Biyi Fang , Truong Vo , Jean Utke , Diego Klabjan

Effective navigation intelligence relies on long-term memory to support both immediate generalization and sustained adaptation. However, existing approaches face a dilemma: modular systems rely on explicit mapping but lack flexibility,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Zhiyuan Chen , Yuxuan Zhong , Fan Wang , Bo Yu , Pengtao Shao , Shaoshan Liu , Ning Ding

In the realm of Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS), the accurate assessment of students' knowledge states through Knowledge Tracing (KT) is crucial for personalized learning. However, due to data bias, $\textit{i.e.}$, the unbalanced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Yiyun Zhou , Zheqi Lv , Shengyu Zhang , Jingyuan Chen

Transformers have proven highly effective across modalities, but standard softmax attention scales quadratically with sequence length, limiting long context modeling. Linear attention mitigates this by approximating attention with kernel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Ashkan Shahbazi , Chayne Thrash , Yikun Bai , Keaton Hamm , Navid NaderiAlizadeh , Soheil Kolouri

Neural networks designed for the task of classification have become a commodity in recent years. Many works target the development of more effective networks, which results in a complexification of their architectures with more layers,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-14 A. Deliege , A. Cioppa , M. Van Droogenbroeck

Accurate prediction of blast pressure fields is essential for applications in structural safety, defense planning, and hazard mitigation. Traditional methods such as empirical models and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations offer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Reid Graves , Anthony Zhou , Amir Barati Farimani

We introduce Attention Free Transformer (AFT), an efficient variant of Transformers that eliminates the need for dot product self attention. In an AFT layer, the key and value are first combined with a set of learned position biases, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Shuangfei Zhai , Walter Talbott , Nitish Srivastava , Chen Huang , Hanlin Goh , Ruixiang Zhang , Josh Susskind

Knowledge tracing (KT) models are a popular approach for predicting students' future performance at practice problems using their prior attempts. Though many innovations have been made in KT, most models including the state-of-the-art Deep…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Yang Shi , Min Chi , Tiffany Barnes , Thomas Price

Transformer-based multi-object tracking (MOT) methods have captured the attention of many researchers in recent years. However, these models often suffer from slow inference speeds due to their structure or other issues. To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Pan Liao , Feng Yang , Di Wu , Jinwen Yu , Wenhui Zhao , Dingwen Zhang

Transformer has become ubiquitous in the deep learning field. One of the key ingredients that destined its success is the self-attention mechanism, which allows fully-connected contextual encoding over input tokens. However, despite its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Shuohang Wang , Luowei Zhou , Zhe Gan , Yen-Chun Chen , Yuwei Fang , Siqi Sun , Yu Cheng , Jingjing Liu

The Transformer-based model have made significant strides in semantic matching tasks by capturing connections between phrase pairs. However, to assess the relevance of sentence pairs, it is insufficient to just examine the general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Bo Li , Di Liang , Zixin Zhang

The Transformer architecture has emerged as a landmark advancement within the broad field of artificial intelligence, effectively catalyzing the advent of large language models (LLMs). However, despite its remarkable capabilities and the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Kechi Zhang , Ge Li , Jia Li , Huangzhao Zhang , Yihong Dong , Jia Li , Jingjing Xu , Zhi Jin

This paper examines the challenging problem of learning representations of entities and relations in a complex multi-relational knowledge graph. We propose HittER, a Hierarchical Transformer model to jointly learn Entity-relation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Sanxing Chen , Xiaodong Liu , Jianfeng Gao , Jian Jiao , Ruofei Zhang , Yangfeng Ji

Click-through rate (CTR) prediction, which predicts the probability of a user clicking an ad, is a fundamental task in recommender systems. The emergence of heterogeneous information, such as user profile and behavior sequences, depicts…

In this paper, we present DevFormer, a novel transformer-based architecture for addressing the complex and computationally demanding problem of hardware design optimization. Despite the demonstrated efficacy of transformers in domains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Haeyeon Kim , Minsu Kim , Federico Berto , Joungho Kim , Jinkyoo Park

The Transformer architecture revolutionized the field of natural language processing (NLP). Transformers-based models (e.g., BERT) power many important Web services, such as search, translation, question-answering, etc. While enormous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Dave Dice , Alex Kogan

Knowledge tracing (KT) aims to estimate student's knowledge mastery based on their historical interactions. Recently, the deep learning based KT (DLKT) approaches have achieved impressive performance in the KT task. These DLKT models…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Hengyuan Zhang , Zitao Liu , Shuyan Huang , Chenming Shang , Bojun Zhan , Yong Jiang

Transformers achieve strong performance across diverse domains but implicitly assume Euclidean geometry in their attention mechanisms, limiting their effectiveness on data with non-Euclidean structure. While recent extensions to hyperbolic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Ryan Y. Lin , Siddhartha Ojha , Nicholas Bai

Understanding the link between urban planning and commuting flows is crucial for guiding urban development and policymaking. This research, bridging computer science and urban studies, addresses the challenge of integrating these fields…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Yan Luo , Zhuoyue Wan , Yuzhong Chen , Gengchen Mai , Fu-lai Chung , Kent Larson

Knowledge graph completion (KGC) is the task of inferencing missing facts from any given knowledge graphs (KG). Previous KGC methods typically represent knowledge graph entities and relations as trainable continuous embeddings and fuse the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Chen Chen , Yufei Wang , Yang Zhang , Quan Z. Sheng , Kwok-Yan Lam