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Given the broad capabilities of large language models, it should be possible to work towards a general-purpose, text-based assistant that is aligned with human values, meaning that it is helpful, honest, and harmless. As an initial foray in…

Humans have a remarkable ability to fluently engage in joint collision avoidance in crowded navigation tasks despite the complexities and uncertainties inherent in human behavior. Underlying these interactions is a mutual understanding that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Jasper Geldenbott , Karen Leung

Large Language Models (LLMs) are expected to produce safe, helpful, and honest content during interaction with human users, but they frequently fail to align with such values when given flawed instructions, e.g., missing context, ambiguous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Feifan Song , Bofei Gao , Yifan Song , Yi Liu , Weimin Xiong , Yuyang Song , Tianyu Liu , Guoyin Wang , Houfeng Wang

Large language models (LLMs) excel in diverse applications but face dual challenges: generating harmful content under jailbreak attacks and over-refusal of benign queries due to rigid safety mechanisms. These issues are further complicated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yifan Xia , Guorui Chen , Wenqian Yu , Zhijiang Li , Philip Torr , Jindong Gu

Large Language Models (LLMs) require careful safety alignment to prevent malicious outputs. While significant research focuses on mitigating harmful content generation, the enhanced safety often come with the side effect of over-refusal,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Justin Cui , Wei-Lin Chiang , Ion Stoica , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Speech-to-Speech and Speech-to-Text translation are currently dynamic areas of research. In our commitment to advance these fields, we present SpeechAlign, a framework designed to evaluate the underexplored field of source-target alignment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Belen Alastruey , Aleix Sant , Gerard I. Gállego , David Dale , Marta R. Costa-jussà

As large language models (LLMs) enter the mainstream, aligning them to foster constructive dialogue rather than exacerbate societal divisions is critical. Using an individualized and multicultural alignment dataset of over 7,500…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Yara Kyrychenko , Jon Roozenbeek , Brandon Davidson , Sander van der Linden , Ramit Debnath

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly mediate human communication, decision support, content creation, and information retrieval. Despite impressive fluency, these systems frequently produce biased or stereotypical content, especially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Muneeb Ur Raheem Khan

We introduce time-to-unsafe-sampling, a novel safety measure for generative models, defined as the number of generations required by a large language model (LLM) to trigger an unsafe (e.g., toxic) response. While providing a new dimension…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Hen Davidov , Shai Feldman , Gilad Freidkin , Yaniv Romano

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence systems has brought the challenge of AI alignment to the forefront of research, particularly in complex decision-making and task execution. As these systems surpass human-level performance in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Mehrdad Zakershahrak , Samira Ghodratnama

Text-to-image (T2I) models achieve high-fidelity generation through extensive training on large datasets. However, these models may unintentionally pick up undesirable biases of their training data, such as over-representation of particular…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Shufan Li , Harkanwar Singh , Aditya Grover

Well-designed prompts can guide text-to-image models to generate amazing images. However, the performant prompts are often model-specific and misaligned with user input. Instead of laborious human engineering, we propose prompt adaptation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Yaru Hao , Zewen Chi , Li Dong , Furu Wei

Conversational recommendation frameworks have gained prominence as a dynamic paradigm for delivering personalized suggestions via interactive dialogues. The incorporation of advanced language understanding techniques has substantially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Guanrong Li , Kuo Tian , Jinnan Qi , Qinghan Fu , Zhen Wu , Xinyu Dai

Modern language modeling tasks are often underspecified: for a given token prediction, many words may satisfy the user's intent of producing natural language at inference time, however only one word will minimize the task's loss function at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Emily McMilin

Language models can generate harmful and biased outputs and exhibit undesirable behavior according to a given cultural context. We propose a Process for Adapting Language Models to Society (PALMS) with Values-Targeted Datasets, an iterative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Irene Solaiman , Christy Dennison

The success of the reward model in distinguishing between responses with subtle safety differences depends critically on the high-quality preference dataset, which should capture the fine-grained nuances of harmful and harmless responses.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Duanyu Feng , Bowen Qin , Chen Huang , Youcheng Huang , Zheng Zhang , Wenqiang Lei

Large language models (LLMs) typically generate identical or similar responses for all users given the same prompt, posing serious safety risks in high-stakes applications where user vulnerabilities differ widely. Existing safety…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Yuchen Wu , Edward Sun , Kaijie Zhu , Jianxun Lian , Jose Hernandez-Orallo , Aylin Caliskan , Jindong Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) fine-tuned to align with human values often exhibit alignment drift, producing unsafe or policy-violating completions when exposed to adversarial prompts, decoding perturbations, or paraphrased jailbreaks. While…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Amitava Das , Vinija Jain , Aman Chadha

Neurosymbolic approaches can add robustness to opaque neural systems by incorporating explainable symbolic representations. However, previous approaches have not used formal logic to contextualize queries to and validate outputs of large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Priyesh Vakharia , Abigail Kufeldt , Max Meyers , Ian Lane , Leilani Gilpin

User authorization-based access privileges are a key feature in many safety-critical systems, but have not been extensively studied in the large language model (LLM) realm. In this work, drawing inspiration from such access control systems,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Soumadeep Saha , Akshay Chaturvedi , Joy Mahapatra , Utpal Garain