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Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) integrate image features from visual encoders with LLMs, demonstrating advanced comprehension capabilities. However, mainstream MLLMs are solely supervised by the next-token prediction of textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Yunnan Wang , Fan Lu , Kecheng Zheng , Ziyuan Huang , Ziqiang Li , Wenjun Zeng , Xin Jin

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have garnered significant attention recently and demonstrate outstanding capabilities in various tasks such as OCR, VQA, captioning, $\textit{etc}$. However, hallucination remains a persistent issue.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Zehao Wang , Xinpeng Liu , Yudonglin Zhang , Xiaoqian Wu , Zhou Fang , Yifan Fang , Junfu Pu , Cewu Lu , Yong-Lu Li

Contrastive decoding strategies are widely used to mitigate object hallucinations in multimodal large language models (MLLMs). By reducing over-reliance on language priors, these strategies ensure that generated content remains closely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Hao Yin , Guangzong Si , Zilei Wang

Multimodal representation learning has shown promising improvements on various vision-language tasks. Most existing methods excel at building global-level alignment between vision and language while lacking effective fine-grained image-text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Zijia Zhao , Longteng Guo , Xingjian He , Shuai Shao , Zehuan Yuan , Jing Liu

The success of large language models (LLMs) has fostered a new research trend of multi-modality large language models (MLLMs), which changes the paradigm of various fields in computer vision. Though MLLMs have shown promising results in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Boyang Zheng , Jinjin Gu , Shijun Li , Chao Dong

Recently, Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) represented by GPT-4V has been a new rising research hotspot, which uses powerful Large Language Models (LLMs) as a brain to perform multimodal tasks. The surprising emergent capabilities of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Shukang Yin , Chaoyou Fu , Sirui Zhao , Ke Li , Xing Sun , Tong Xu , Enhong Chen

Hallucinations in vision-language models (VLMs) hinder reliability and real-world applicability, usually stemming from distribution shifts between pretraining data and test samples. Existing solutions, such as retraining or fine-tuning on…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Fei Zhao , Chengcui Zhang , Runlin Zhang , Tianyang Wang , Xi Li

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a broad range of vision tasks. However, constrained by the capacity of their internal world knowledge, prior work has proposed augmenting MLLMs by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Wenxuan Huang , Yu Zeng , Qiuchen Wang , Zhen Fang , Shaosheng Cao , Zheng Chu , Qingyu Yin , Shuang Chen , Zhenfei Yin , Lin Chen , Zehui Chen , Xu Tang , Yao Hu , Shaohui Lin , Philip Torr , Feng Zhao , Wanli Ouyang

Combining Large Language Models (LLMs) with Reinforcement Learning (RL) enables agents to interpret language instructions more effectively for task execution. However, LLMs typically lack direct perception of the physical environment, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Pengsen Liu , Maosen Zeng , Nan Tang , Kaiyuan Li , Jing-Cheng Pang , Yunan Liu , Yang Yu

Multimodal learning has rapidly advanced visual understanding, largely via multimodal large language models (MLLMs) that use powerful LLMs as cognitive cores. In visual generation, however, these powerful core models are typically reduced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Han Lin , Xichen Pan , Ziqi Huang , Ji Hou , Jialiang Wang , Weifeng Chen , Zecheng He , Felix Juefei-Xu , Junzhe Sun , Zhipeng Fan , Ali Thabet , Mohit Bansal , Chu Wang

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) often face a modality representation gap during pretraining: while language embeddings remain stable, visual representations are highly sensitive to contextual noise (e.g., background clutter). To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Yin Xie , Kaicheng Yang , Peirou Liang , Xiang An , Yongle Zhao , Yumeng Wang , Ziyong Feng , Roy Miles , Ismail Elezi , Jiankang Deng

Vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved impressive performance across a wide range of multimodal tasks. However, they often fail on tasks that require fine-grained visual perception, even when the required information is still present…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Haz Sameen Shahgir , Xiaofu Chen , Yu Fu , Erfan Shayegani , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh , Yova Kementchedjhieva , Yue Dong

Hallucination has been a long-standing and inevitable problem that hinders the application of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) in domains that require high reliability. Various methods focus on improvement depending on data annotations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Chao Wang , Jianming Yang , Yang Zhou

Language models can be equipped with multimodal capabilities by fine-tuning on embeddings of visual inputs. But how do such multimodal models represent images in their hidden activations? We explore representations of image concepts within…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Achyuta Rajaram , Sarah Schwettmann , Jacob Andreas , Arthur Conmy

Medical Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown promising clinical performance. However, their sensitivity to real-world input perturbations, such as imaging artifacts and textual errors, critically undermines their clinical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Dunyuan XU , Xikai Yang , Yaoqian Li , Juzheng Miao , Jinpeng Li , Pheng-Ann Heng

Recently, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) that enable Large Language Models (LLMs) to interpret images through visual instruction tuning have achieved significant success. However, existing visual instruction tuning methods only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Chi Chen , Ruoyu Qin , Fuwen Luo , Xiaoyue Mi , Peng Li , Maosong Sun , Yang Liu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved strong performance across vision-language tasks, but suffer from significant computational overhead due to the quadratic growth of attention computations with the number of multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yingqi Fan , Anhao Zhao , Jinlan Fu , Junlong Tong , Hui Su , Yijie Pan , Wei Zhang , Xiaoyu Shen

Recent advancements in deep learning have driven significant progress in lossless image compression. With the emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs), preliminary attempts have been made to leverage the extensive prior knowledge embedded…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-25 Junhao Du , Chuqin Zhou , Ning Cao , Gang Chen , Yunuo Chen , Zhengxue Cheng , Li Song , Guo Lu , Wenjun Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have significantly advanced visual tasks by integrating visual representations into large language models (LLMs). The textual modality, inherited from LLMs, equips MLLMs with abilities like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Jinhe Bi , Yujun Wang , Haokun Chen , Xun Xiao , Artur Hecker , Volker Tresp , Yunpu Ma

While large language models (LLMs) are still being adopted to new domains and utilized in novel applications, we are experiencing an influx of the new generation of foundation models, namely multi-modal large language models (MLLMs). These…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Kian Ahrabian , Zhivar Sourati , Kexuan Sun , Jiarui Zhang , Yifan Jiang , Fred Morstatter , Jay Pujara