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We revisit a classical continuum model for the diffusion of multiple species with size-exclusion constraint, which leads to a degenerate nonlinear cross-diffusion system. The purpose of this article is twofold: first, it aims at a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-08-04 Katharina Hopf , Martin Burger

Flow matching has recently emerged as a promising alternative to diffusion-based generative models, particularly for text-to-image generation. Despite its flexibility in allowing arbitrary source distributions, most existing approaches rely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Junwan Kim , Jiho Park , Seonghu Jeon , Seungryong Kim

We prove lower bounds on the error of any estimator for the mean of a real probability distribution under the knowledge that the distribution belongs to a given set. We apply these lower bounds both to parametric and nonparametric…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-05 Rémy Degenne , Timothée Mathieu

Given an unconditional diffusion model targeting a joint model $\pi(x, y)$, using it to perform conditional simulation $\pi(x \mid y)$ is still largely an open question and is typically achieved by learning conditional drifts to the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-21 Adrien Corenflos , Zheng Zhao , Simo Särkkä , Jens Sjölund , Thomas B. Schön

We study conditional generation in diffusion models under hard constraints, where generated samples must satisfy prescribed events with probability one. Such constraints arise naturally in safety-critical applications and in rare-event…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zhengyi Guo , Wenpin Tang , Renyuan Xu

We consider small-time asymptotics for diffusion processes conditioned by their initial and final positions, under the assumption that the diffusivity has a sub-Riemannian structure, not necessarily of constant rank. We show that, if the…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-10-16 Ismael Bailleul , Laurent Mesnager , James Norris

Many engineering systems are subject to spatially distributed uncertainty, i.e. uncertainty that can be modeled as a random field. Altering the mean or covariance of this uncertainty will in general change the statistical distribution of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-07-09 Eric Dow , Qiqi Wang

We analyze a modification of the Richards growth model by introducing a time-dependent perturbation in the growth rate. This modification becomes effective at a special switching time, which represents the first-crossing-time of the…

Applications · Statistics 2024-10-31 Antonio Di Crescenzo , Paola Paraggio , Francisco Torres-Ruiz

Let X be the mild solution to a semilinear stochastic partial differential equation. In this article, we develop methodology to sample from the infinite-dimensional diffusion bridge that arises from conditioning X on a linear transformation…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-18 Thorben Pieper-Sethmacher , Frank van der Meulen , Aad van der Vaart

We investigate nonequilibrium steady-state dynamics in both continuous- and discrete-state stochastic processes. Our analysis focuses on planar diffusion dynamics and their coarse-grained approximations by discrete-state Markov chains.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-12 Ramón Nartallo-Kaluarachchi , Renaud Lambiotte , Alain Goriely

We present simulation-free score and flow matching ([SF]$^2$M), a simulation-free objective for inferring stochastic dynamics given unpaired samples drawn from arbitrary source and target distributions. Our method generalizes both the…

We discuss a connection between a generative model, called the diffusion model, and nonequilibrium thermodynamics for the Fokker-Planck equation, called stochastic thermodynamics. Using techniques from stochastic thermodynamics, we derive…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-08-04 Kotaro Ikeda , Tomoya Uda , Daisuke Okanohara , Sosuke Ito

Translational diffusion coefficients are routinely estimated from molecular dynamics simulations. Linear fits to mean squared displacement (MSD) curves have become the de facto standard, from simple liquids to complex biomacromolecules.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-11-20 Jakob Tómas Bullerjahn , Sören von Bülow , Gerhard Hummer

The paper presents numerical methods for unsteady flows of a viscous incompressible fluid in internal domains with many inlet/outlet sections. The novel variants of dissipative boundary conditions augmented by the inertia terms are used at…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-12-10 Jacek Szumbarski

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the construction of a stochastic process called ``diffusion house-moving'' and to explore its properties. We study the weak convergence of diffusion bridges conditioned to stay between two curves,…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-24 Kensuke Ishitani , Soma Nishino

We present a Bayesian non-parametric way of inferring stochastic differential equations for both regression tasks and continuous-time dynamical modelling. The work has high emphasis on the stochastic part of the differential equation, also…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-29 Martin Jørgensen , Marc Peter Deisenroth , Hugh Salimbeni

We construct a novel estimator for the diffusion coefficient of the limiting homogenized equation, when observing the slow dynamics of a multiscale model, in the case when the slow dynamics are of bounded variation. Previous research…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-07-04 Theodoros Manikas , Anastasia Papavasiliou

Discrete flow matching, a recent framework for modeling categorical data, has shown competitive performance with autoregressive models. However, unlike continuous flow matching, the rectification strategy cannot be applied due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Etrit Haxholli , Yeti Z. Gurbuz , Ogul Can , Eli Waxman

The introduction of stochasticity into continuous ecological models frequently relies on phenomenological, diagonal diffusion terms that lack a rigorous microscopic basis. We demonstrate that this standard practice fundamentally…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-27 Jiguang Yu , Louis Shuo Wang

While efficient distribution learning is no doubt behind the groundbreaking success of diffusion modeling, its theoretical guarantees are quite limited. In this paper, we provide the first rigorous analysis on approximation and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-06 Kazusato Oko , Shunta Akiyama , Taiji Suzuki
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