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Large language models (LLMs) exhibit persistent miscalibration, especially after instruction tuning and preference alignment. Modified training objectives can improve calibration, but retraining is expensive. Inference-time steering offers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Miranda Muqing Miao , Young-Min Cho , Lyle Ungar

Animals are able to imitate each others' behavior, despite their difference in biomechanics. In contrast, imitating the other similar robots is a much more challenging task in robotics. This problem is called cross domain imitation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Zhao-Heng Yin , Lingfeng Sun , Hengbo Ma , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Wu-Jun Li

End-to-end visuomotor policies trained using behavior cloning have shown a remarkable ability to generate complex, multi-modal low-level robot behaviors. However, at deployment time, these policies still struggle to act reliably when faced…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Pranay Gupta , Henny Admoni , Andrea Bajcsy

In this paper, we explore how we can build upon the data and models of Internet images and use them to adapt to robot vision without requiring any extra labels. We present a framework called Self-supervised Embodied Active Learning (SEAL).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Devendra Singh Chaplot , Murtaza Dalal , Saurabh Gupta , Jitendra Malik , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Visual reinforcement learning (RL) suffers from poor sample efficiency due to high-dimensional observations in complex tasks. While existing works have shown that vision-language models (VLMs) can assist RL, they often focus on knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Canming Xia , Peixi Peng , Guang Tan , Zhan Su , Haoran Xu , Zhenxian Liu , Luntong Li

Imitation learning trains control policies by mimicking pre-recorded expert demonstrations. In partially observable settings, imitation policies must rely on observation histories, but many seemingly paradoxical results show better…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Chuan Wen , Jierui Lin , Jianing Qian , Yang Gao , Dinesh Jayaraman

Compositional reasoning is a hallmark of human visual intelligence. Yet, despite the size of large vision-language models, they struggle to represent simple compositions by combining objects with their attributes. To measure this lack of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Arijit Ray , Filip Radenovic , Abhimanyu Dubey , Bryan A. Plummer , Ranjay Krishna , Kate Saenko

Policy learning under action constraints plays a central role in ensuring safe behaviors in various robot control and resource allocation applications. In this paper, we study a new problem setting termed Action-Constrained Imitation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Chia-Han Yeh , Tse-Sheng Nan , Risto Vuorio , Wei Hung , Hung-Yen Wu , Shao-Hua Sun , Ping-Chun Hsieh

Imitation Learning (IL) techniques aim to replicate human behaviors in specific tasks. While IL has gained prominence due to its effectiveness and efficiency, traditional methods often focus on datasets collected from experts to produce a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Mathieu Petitbois , Rémy Portelas , Sylvain Lamprier , Ludovic Denoyer

Grounding the instruction in the environment is a key step in solving language-guided goal-reaching reinforcement learning problems. In automated reinforcement learning, a key concern is to enhance the model's ability to generalize across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Armin Saghafian , Amirmohammad Izadi , Negin Hashemi Dijujin , Mahdieh Soleymani Baghshah

Learning to solve complex manipulation tasks from visual observations is a dominant challenge for real-world robot learning. Although deep reinforcement learning algorithms have recently demonstrated impressive results in this context, they…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-01-20 Eugenio Chisari , Tim Welschehold , Joschka Boedecker , Wolfram Burgard , Abhinav Valada

This paper introduces a method to enhance Interactive Imitation Learning (IIL) by extracting touch interaction points and tracking object movement from video demonstrations. The approach extends current IIL systems by providing robots with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Michael Büttner , Jonathan Francis , Helge Rhodin , Andrew Melnik

A prevailing approach for learning visuomotor policies is to employ reinforcement learning to map high-dimensional visual observations directly to action commands. However, the combination of high-dimensional visual inputs and agile…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Yuhang Zhang , Jiaping Xiao , Chao Yan , Mir Feroskhan

The field of robotic manipulation has advanced significantly in recent years. At the sensing level, several novel tactile sensors have been developed, capable of providing accurate contact information. On a methodological level, learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Niklas Funk , Changqi Chen , Tim Schneider , Georgia Chalvatzaki , Roberto Calandra , Jan Peters

Today's autonomous agents, largely driven by foundation models (FMs), can understand natural language instructions and solve long-horizon tasks with human-like reasoning. However, current human-robot interaction largely follows a one-way…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Linus Nwankwo , Bjoern Ellensohn , Christian Rauch , Elmar Rueckert

In multi-agent systems, complex interacting behaviors arise due to the high correlations among agents. However, previous work on modeling multi-agent interactions from demonstrations is primarily constrained by assuming the independence…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Minghuan Liu , Ming Zhou , Weinan Zhang , Yuzheng Zhuang , Jun Wang , Wulong Liu , Yong Yu

Learning from demonstration is widely used as an efficient way for robots to acquire new skills. However, it typically requires that demonstrations provide full access to the state and action sequences. In contrast, learning from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Zachary W. Robertson , Matthew R. Walter

Interactions with either environments or expert policies during training are needed for most of the current imitation learning (IL) algorithms. For IL problems with no interactions, a typical approach is Behavior Cloning (BC). However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-06 HaoChih Lin , Baopu Li , Xin Zhou , Jiankun Wang , Max Q. -H. Meng

Multimodal learning seeks to integrate information from heterogeneous sources, where signals may be shared across modalities, specific to individual modalities, or emerge only through their interaction. While self-supervised multimodal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Carolin Cissee , Raneen Younis , Zahra Ahmadi

Vision-language navigation (VLN) is the task of navigating an embodied agent to carry out natural language instructions inside real 3D environments. In this paper, we study how to address three critical challenges for this task: the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Xin Wang , Qiuyuan Huang , Asli Celikyilmaz , Jianfeng Gao , Dinghan Shen , Yuan-Fang Wang , William Yang Wang , Lei Zhang