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Related papers: Empirical Decision Theory

200 papers

We propose a new approach for solving a class of discrete decision making problems under uncertainty with positive cost. This issue concerns multiple and diverse fields such as engineering, economics, artificial intelligence, cognitive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-01-03 Steve N'Guyen , Clément Moulin-Frier , Jacques Droulez

This paper presents a decision-theoretic approach to statistical inference that satisfies the likelihood principle (LP) without using prior information. Unlike the Bayesian approach, which also satisfies LP, we do not assume knowledge of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-07 Phan H. Giang , Prakash P. Shenoy

Optimal control under uncertainty is a prevailing challenge for many reasons. One of the critical difficulties lies in producing tractable solutions for the underlying stochastic optimization problem. We show how advanced approximate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Joe Watson , Hany Abdulsamad , Rolf Findeisen , Jan Peters

The prior distribution for the unknown model parameters plays a crucial role in the process of statistical inference based on Bayesian methods. However, specifying suitable priors is often difficult even when detailed prior knowledge is…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-03-18 Marcelo Hartmann , Georgi Agiashvili , Paul Bürkner , Arto Klami

In dialogical argumentation it is often assumed that the involved parties always correctly identify the intended statements posited by each other, realize all of the associated relations, conform to the three acceptability states (accepted,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-12-11 Sylwia Polberg , Anthony Hunter

All scientific interpretations of statistical outputs depend on background (auxiliary) assumptions that are rarely delineated or explicitly interrogated. These include not only the usual modeling assumptions, but also deeper assumptions…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-08-01 Sander Greenland , Zad Rafi , Robert Matthews , Megan Higgs

We consider a simple model of imprecise comparisons: there exists some $\delta>0$ such that when a subject is given two elements to compare, if the values of those elements (as perceived by the subject) differ by at least $\delta$, then the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-01-14 Miklos Ajtai , Vitaly Feldman , Avinatan Hassidim , Jelani Nelson

People care about decision outcomes and how decisions get made, both when making decisions and reflecting on decisions. But formalizing the full range of normative concerns that drive decisions is an open challenge. We introduce Axiomatic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Ben Abramowitz , Nicholas Mattei

Prediction is critical for decision-making under uncertainty and lends validity to statistical inference. With targeted prediction, the goal is to optimize predictions for specific decision tasks of interest, which we represent via…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-18 Daniel R. Kowal

The analysis of practical probabilistic models on the computer demands a convenient representation for the available knowledge and an efficient algorithm to perform inference. An appealing representation is the influence diagram, a network…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-15 Ross D. Shachter

The generation of comprehensible explanations is an essential feature of modern artificial intelligence systems. In this work, we consider probabilistic logic programming, an extension of logic programming which can be useful to model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Germán Vidal

Uncertainty in optimization is often represented as stochastic parameters in the optimization model. In Predict-Then-Optimize approaches, predictions of a machine learning model are used as values for such parameters, effectively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Pieter Smet

We use decision theory to confront uncertainty that is sufficiently broad to incorporate "models as approximations." We presume the existence of a featured collection of what we call "structured models" that have explicit substantive…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2022-08-22 Simone Cerreia-Vioglio , Lars Peter Hansen , Fabio Maccheroni , Massimo Marinacci

As data-driven predictive models are increasingly used to inform decisions, it has been argued that decision makers should provide explanations that help individuals understand what would have to change for these decisions to be beneficial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-15 Stratis Tsirtsis , Manuel Gomez-Rodriguez

Selection bias arises when the probability that an observation enters a dataset depends on variables related to the quantities of interest, leading to systematic distortions in estimation and uncertainty quantification. For example, in…

Many practical problems can be understood as the search for a state of affairs that extends a fixed partial state of affairs, the \emph{environment}, while satisfying certain conditions that are formally specified. Such problems are found…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Pierre Carbonnelle , Joost Vennekens , Bart Bogaerts , Marc Denecker

Improving public policy is one of the key roles of governments, and they can do this in an evidence-based way using administrative data. Causal inference for observational data improves on current practice of using descriptive or predictive…

Applications · Statistics 2023-01-18 Elena Tartaglia , Peter Rankin

Various structured argumentation frameworks utilize preferences as part of their standard inference procedure to enable reasoning with preferences. In this paper, we consider an inverse of the standard reasoning problem, seeking to identify…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-13 Quratul-ain Mahesar , Nir Oren , Wamberto W. Vasconcelos

We use a decision-theoretic framework to study the problem of forecasting discrete outcomes when the forecaster is unable to discriminate among a set of plausible forecast distributions because of partial identification or concerns about…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-12-18 Timothy Christensen , Hyungsik Roger Moon , Frank Schorfheide

Difficulties over probability have often been considered fatal to the Everett interpretation of quantum mechanics. Here I argue that the Everettian can have everything she needs from `probability' without recourse to indeterminism,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hilary Greaves