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This paper introduces Code-Vision, a benchmark designed to evaluate the logical understanding and code generation capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). It challenges MLLMs to generate a correct program that fulfills…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Hanbin Wang , Xiaoxuan Zhou , Zhipeng Xu , Keyuan Cheng , Yuxin Zuo , Kai Tian , Jingwei Song , Junting Lu , Wenhui Hu , Xueyang Liu

Recently, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved exceptional performance across diverse tasks, continually surpassing previous expectations regarding their capabilities. Nevertheless, their proficiency in perceiving emotions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Daiqing Wu , Dongbao Yang , Sicheng Zhao , Can Ma , Yu Zhou

While intuitive for humans, the concept of visual complexity is hard to define and quantify formally. We suggest adopting the multi-scale structural complexity (MSSC) measure, an approach that defines structural complexity of an object as…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-08-09 Anna Kravchenko , Andrey A. Bagrov , Mikhail I. Katsnelson , Veronica Dudarev

The visual classification performance of vision-language models such as CLIP has been shown to benefit from additional semantic knowledge from large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-3. In particular, averaging over LLM-generated class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Karsten Roth , Jae Myung Kim , A. Sophia Koepke , Oriol Vinyals , Cordelia Schmid , Zeynep Akata

Visualization authoring is an iterative process requiring users to adjust parameters to achieve desired aesthetics. Due to its complexity, users often create defective visualizations and struggle to fix them. Many seek help on forums (e.g.,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Shuyu Shen , Sirong Lu , Leixian Shen , Yuyu Luo

In this paper, we assess the visualization literacy of two prominent Large Language Models (LLMs): OpenAI's Generative Pretrained Transformers (GPT), the backend of ChatGPT, and Google's Gemini, previously known as Bard, to establish…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Jiayi Hong , Christian Seto , Arlen Fan , Ross Maciejewski

Visualization, a domain-specific yet widely used form of imagery, is an effective way to turn complex datasets into intuitive insights, and its value depends on whether data are faithfully represented, clearly communicated, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yupeng Xie , Zhiyang Zhang , Yifan Wu , Sirong Lu , Jiayi Zhang , Zhaoyang Yu , Jinlin Wang , Sirui Hong , Bang Liu , Chenglin Wu , Yuyu Luo

Understanding what is communicated by data visualizations is a critical component of scientific literacy in the modern era. However, it remains unclear why some tasks involving data visualizations are more difficult than others. Here we…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Arnav Verma , Judith E. Fan

Multimodal Vision Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as a transformative topic at the intersection of computer vision and natural language processing, enabling machines to perceive and reason about the world through both visual and textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Zongxia Li , Xiyang Wu , Hongyang Du , Fuxiao Liu , Huy Nghiem , Guangyao Shi

At present, large multimodal models (LMMs) have exhibited impressive generalization capabilities in understanding and generating visual signals. However, they currently still lack sufficient capability to perceive low-level visual quality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Zhipeng Huang , Zhizheng Zhang , Yiting Lu , Zheng-Jun Zha , Zhibo Chen , Baining Guo

Qualitative data analysis provides insight into the underlying perceptions and experiences within unstructured data. However, the time-consuming nature of the coding process, especially for larger datasets, calls for innovative approaches,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Elisabeth Kirsten , Annalina Buckmann , Abraham Mhaidli , Steffen Becker

Vision-Language Models like CLIP create aligned embedding spaces for text and images, making it possible for anyone to build a visual classifier by simply naming the classes they want to distinguish. However, a model that works well in one…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Kevin Robbins , Xiaotong Liu , Yu Wu , Le Sun , Grady McPeak , Abby Stylianou , Robert Pless

Large scale image datasets are a growing trend in the field of machine learning. However, it is hard to quantitatively understand or specify how various datasets compare to each other - i.e., if one dataset is more complex or harder to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Ameet Annasaheb Rahane , Anbumani Subramanian

A number of visual quality measures have been introduced in visual analytics literature in order to automatically select the best views of high dimensional data from a large number of candidate data projections. These methods generally…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Ilknur Icke , Andrew Rosenberg

The automatic generation of visualizations is an old task that, through the years, has shown more and more interest from the research and practitioner communities. Recently, large language models (LLM) have become an interesting option for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Luca Podo , Muhammad Ishmal , Marco Angelini

How do we assess people's abilities to interact with data visualizations? The current state-of-the-art visualization literacy tests -- such as VLAT and its derivatives -- only involve the use of static visualizations. Despite advances in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Gabriela Molina León , Benjamin Bach , Matheus Valentim , Niklas Elmqvist

The zero-shot capability of Large Language Models (LLMs) has enabled highly flexible, reference-free metrics for various tasks, making LLM evaluators common tools in NLP. However, the robustness of these LLM evaluators remains relatively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Rickard Stureborg , Dimitris Alikaniotis , Yoshi Suhara

There is growing interest in systems that generate captions for scientific figures. However, assessing these systems output poses a significant challenge. Human evaluation requires academic expertise and is costly, while automatic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Ting-Yao Hsu , Chieh-Yang Huang , Ryan Rossi , Sungchul Kim , C. Lee Giles , Ting-Hao K. Huang

For decades, researchers in information visualisation and graph drawing have focused on developing techniques for the layout and display of very large and complex networks. Experiments involving human participants have also explored the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Vahan Yoghourdjian , Daniel Archambault , Stephan Diehl , Tim Dwyer , Karsten Klein , Helen C. Purchase , Hsiang-Yun Wu

From content moderation to wildlife conservation, the number of applications that require models to recognize nuanced or subjective visual concepts is growing. Traditionally, developing classifiers for such concepts requires substantial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Imad Eddine Toubal , Aditya Avinash , Neil Gordon Alldrin , Jan Dlabal , Wenlei Zhou , Enming Luo , Otilia Stretcu , Hao Xiong , Chun-Ta Lu , Howard Zhou , Ranjay Krishna , Ariel Fuxman , Tom Duerig