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Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been successfully applied in various fields. In DNNs, a large number of multiply-accumulate (MAC) operations are required to be performed, posing critical challenges in applying them in resource-constrained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Jingcun Wang , Bing Li , Grace Li Zhang

Deep Learning is becoming increasingly relevant in Embedded and Internet-of-things applications. However, deploying models on embedded devices poses a challenge due to their resource limitations. This can impact the model's inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Max Sponner , Lorenzo Servadei , Bernd Waschneck , Robert Wille , Akash Kumar

Recent advancements in the field of large language models, particularly through the Chain of Thought (CoT) approach, have demonstrated significant improvements in solving complex problems. However, existing models either tend to sacrifice…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Yijiong Yu

The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) for reasoning and planning tasks has drawn increasing attention in Artificial Intelligence research. Despite their remarkable progress, these models still exhibit limitations in multi-step inference…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Murilo da Luz , Bruno Brandão , Luana Martins , Gustavo Oliveira , Bryan de Oliveira , Luckeciano Melo , Telma Soares

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed to automatically label and analyze educational dialogue at scale, yet current pipelines lack reliable ways to detect when models are wrong. We investigate whether reasoning generated by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Bakhtawar Ahtisham , Kirk Vanacore , Zhuqian Zhou , Jinsook Lee , Rene F. Kizilcec

Large language models (LLMs) achieve strong reasoning performance through chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning, yet often generate unnecessarily long reasoning paths that incur high inference cost. Recent self-consistency-based approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Juming Xiong , Kevin Guo , Congning Ni , Chao Yan , Katherine Brown , Avinash Baidya , Xiang Gao , Bradley Malin , Zhijun Yin

Large reasoning models (LRMs) achieve strong reasoning performance by emitting long chains of thought. Yet, these verbose traces slow down inference and often drift into unnecessary detail, known as the overthinking phenomenon. To better…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Ming Li , Zhengyuan Yang , Xiyao Wang , Dianqi Li , Kevin Lin , Tianyi Zhou , Lijuan Wang

Existing efforts to improve logical reasoning ability of language models have predominantly relied on supervised fine-tuning, hindering generalization to new domains and/or tasks. The development of Large Langauge Models (LLMs) has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Fangkai Jiao , Zhiyang Teng , Bosheng Ding , Zhengyuan Liu , Nancy F. Chen , Shafiq Joty

In real scenarios, it is often necessary and significant to control the inference speed of speech enhancement systems under different conditions. To this end, we propose a stage-wise adaptive inference approach with early exit mechanism for…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Andong Li , Chengshi Zheng , Lu Zhang , Xiaodong Li

Strategic planning is critical for multi-step reasoning, yet compact Large Language Models (LLMs) often lack the capacity to formulate global strategies, leading to error propagation in long-horizon tasks. Our analysis reveals that LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Haoyu Zheng , Yun Zhu , Yuqian Yuan , Bo Yuan , Wenqiao Zhang , Siliang Tang , Jun Xiao

Frontier reasoning models are produced by posttraining base language models with reinforcement learning. Recent work has challenged this by showing that sampling from a sharpened version of the base model's distribution, a so-called power…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Felix Zhou , Anay Mehrotra , Quanquan C. Liu

The field of Language Reasoning Models (LRMs) has been very active over the past few years with advances in training and inference techniques enabling LRMs to reason longer, and more accurately. However, a growing body of studies show that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Yannis Belkhiter , Seshu Tirupathi , Giulio Zizzo , John D. Kelleher

Conventional deep learning (DL) model compression and scaling methods focus on altering the model's components, impacting the results across all samples uniformly. However, since samples vary in difficulty, a dynamic model that adapts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Qingyuan Wang , Barry Cardiff , Antoine Frappé , Benoit Larras , Deepu John

Currently, pre-trained models can be considered the default choice for a wide range of NLP tasks. Despite their SoTA results, there is practical evidence that these models may require a different number of computing layers for different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Nikita Balagansky , Daniil Gavrilov

Diffusion-based large language models (dLLMs) are trained flexibly to model extreme dependence in the data distribution; however, how to best utilize this information at inference time remains an open problem. In this work, we uncover an…

As large language models (LLMs) become widely deployed, concerns about their safety and alignment grow. An approach to steer LLM behavior, such as mitigating biases or defending against jailbreaks, is to identify which parts of a prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Kenza Amara , Rita Sevastjanova , Mennatallah El-Assady

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has greatly improved our ability to process complex language. However, accurately detecting logical fallacies remains a significant challenge. This study presents a novel and effective prompt…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Jiwon Jeong , Hyeju Jang , Hogun Park

This project develops a self correcting framework for large language models (LLMs) that detects and mitigates hallucinations during multi-step reasoning. Rather than relying solely on final answer correctness, our approach leverages fine…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Chelsea Zou , Yiheng Yao , Basant Khalil

Early Exiting (EE) is a promising technique for speeding up inference by adaptively allocating compute resources to data points based on their difficulty. The approach enables predictions to exit at earlier layers for simpler samples while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Mehrnaz Mofakhami , Reza Bayat , Ioannis Mitliagkas , Joao Monteiro , Valentina Zantedeschi

While large language models (LLMs) excel in mathematical and code reasoning, we observe they struggle with social reasoning tasks, exhibiting cognitive confusion, logical inconsistencies, and conflation between objective world states and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Jialu Du , Guiyang Hou , Yihui Fu , Chen Wu , Wenqi Zhang , Yongliang Shen , Weiming Lu