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The current success of deep neural networks (DNNs) in an increasingly broad range of tasks involving artificial intelligence strongly depends on the quality and quantity of labeled training data. In general, the scarcity of labeled data,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-21 Shun Kiyono , Jun Suzuki , Kentaro Inui

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has become a popular method for generating invariant representations without the need for human annotations. Nonetheless, the desired invariant representation is achieved by utilising prior online…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Foivos Ntelemis , Yaochu Jin , Spencer A. Thomas

Pre-trained Language Model (PLM) is nowadays the mainstay of Unsupervised Sentence Representation Learning (USRL). However, PLMs are sensitive to the frequency information of words from their pre-training corpora, resulting in anisotropic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Bing Wang , Ximing Li , Zhiyao Yang , Yuanyuan Guan , Jiayin Li , Shengsheng Wang

Automated medical diagnosis through image-based neural networks has increased in popularity and matured over years. Nevertheless, it is confined by the scarcity of medical images and the expensive labor annotation costs. Self-Supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Luffina C. Huang , Darren J. Chiu , Manish Mehta

Self-supervised learning (SSL) methods targeting scene images have seen a rapid growth recently, and they mostly rely on either a dedicated dense matching mechanism or a costly unsupervised object discovery module. This paper shows that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Ke Zhu , Minghao Fu , Jianxin Wu

In recent years, semi-supervised learning (SSL) has shown tremendous success in leveraging unlabeled data to improve the performance of deep learning models, which significantly reduces the demand for large amounts of labeled data. Many SSL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Song-Bo Yang , Tian-li Yu

Machine learning, satellites or local sensors are key factors for a sustainable and resource-saving optimisation of agriculture and proved its values for the management of agricultural land. Up to now, the main focus was on the enlargement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Michael L. Marszalek , Bertrand Le Saux , Pierre-Philippe Mathieu , Artur Nowakowski , Daniel Springer

A primary challenge in semi-supervised learning (SSL) for segmentation is the confirmation bias from noisy pseudo-labels, which destabilizes training and degrades performance. We propose Inconsistency Masks (IM), a framework that reframes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Michael R. H. Vorndran , Bernhard F. Roeck

Large amounts of unlabelled data are commonplace for many applications in computational pathology, whereas labelled data is often expensive, both in time and cost, to acquire. We investigate the performance of unsupervised and supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-27 Koen Dercksen , Wouter Bulten , Geert Litjens

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has transformed speech processing, yet its reliance on massive pre-training datasets remains a bottleneck. While robustness is often attributed to scale and diversity, the role of the data distribution is less…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Ryan Whetten , Titouan Parcollet , Marco Dinarelli , Yannick Estève

Deep learning based semi-supervised learning (SSL) algorithms have led to promising results in recent years. However, they tend to introduce multiple tunable hyper-parameters, making them less practical in real SSL scenarios where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Yulin Wang , Jiayi Guo , Shiji Song , Gao Huang

Existing semi-supervised learning (SSL) algorithms use a single weight to balance the loss of labeled and unlabeled examples, i.e., all unlabeled examples are equally weighted. But not all unlabeled data are equal. In this paper we study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Zhongzheng Ren , Raymond A. Yeh , Alexander G. Schwing

Much progress has been made in semi-supervised learning (SSL) by combining methods that exploit different aspects of the data distribution, e.g. consistency regularisation relies on properties of $p(x)$, whereas entropy minimisation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Carl Allen , Ivana Balažević , Timothy Hospedales

Computer-aided diagnosis via deep learning relies on large-scale annotated data sets, which can be costly when involving expert knowledge. Semi-supervised learning (SSL) mitigates this challenge by leveraging unlabeled data. One effective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-25 Prashnna Kumar Gyawali , Sandesh Ghimire , Pradeep Bajracharya , Zhiyuan Li , Linwei Wang

Recently, masked prediction pre-training has seen remarkable progress in self-supervised learning (SSL) for speech recognition. It usually requires a codebook obtained in an unsupervised way, making it less accurate and difficult to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Chengyi Wang , Yiming Wang , Yu Wu , Sanyuan Chen , Jinyu Li , Shujie Liu , Furu Wei

Self-supervised learning (SSL) is a powerful tool in machine learning, but understanding the learned representations and their underlying mechanisms remains a challenge. This paper presents an in-depth empirical analysis of SSL-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Ido Ben-Shaul , Ravid Shwartz-Ziv , Tomer Galanti , Shai Dekel , Yann LeCun

Self-supervised learning (SSL) methods have proven to be very successful in automatic speech recognition (ASR). These great improvements have been reported mostly based on highly curated datasets such as LibriSpeech for non-streaming…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-05-19 Mostafa Karimi , Changliang Liu , Kenichi Kumatani , Yao Qian , Tianyu Wu , Jian Wu

With the increasing computing power of edge devices, Federated Learning (FL) emerges to enable model training without privacy concerns. The majority of existing studies assume the data are fully labeled on the client side. In practice,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Woojung Kim , Keondo Park , Kihyuk Sohn , Raphael Shu , Hyung-Sin Kim

The recent research in semi-supervised learning (SSL) is mostly dominated by consistency regularization based methods which achieve strong performance. However, they heavily rely on domain-specific data augmentations, which are not easy to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Mamshad Nayeem Rizve , Kevin Duarte , Yogesh S Rawat , Mubarak Shah

We propose a technique for declaratively specifying strategies for semi-supervised learning (SSL). The proposed method can be used to specify ensembles of semi-supervised learning, as well as agreement constraints and entropic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-21 Haitian Sun , William W. Cohen , Lidong Bing