Related papers: Thermal stability originates the vanishing of the …
A corollary of the third law of thermodynamics is that the heat capacities of a system approach zero as the temperature approaches absolute zero Kevin. Many have attempted to take the corollary as the third law, but two counterexamples has…
For a thermodynamic system obeying both the equipartition theorem in high temperature and the third law in low temperature, the curve showing relationship between the specific heat and the temperature has two common behaviors:\ it…
The thermodynamic properties of the Boltzmann hard sphere system is discussed. It was found that zero point energy decreases with temperature so slowly that it turned out to be an almost a constant addition to the classical value. In result…
A fluid occupying a mechanically isolated vessel with walls kept at spatially non-uniform temperature is in the long run expected to reach the spatially inhomogeneous steady state. Irrespective of the initial conditions the velocity field…
We show that the vacuum (zero-point) energy of a low-temperature quantum liquid is a variable property which changes with the state of the system, in notable contrast to the static vacuum energy in solids commonly considered. We further…
Thermal states are the bedrock of statistical physics. Nevertheless, when and how they actually arise in closed quantum systems is not fully understood. We consider this question for systems with local Hamiltonians on finite quantum…
We discuss via general arguments and examples when and why the steady nonequilibrium heat capacity vanishes with temperature. The framework is the one of Markov jump processes on finite connected graphs where the condition of local detailed…
By starting from the Euler chain rule of three thermodynamic quantities, it is proved that both the Nernst equation and the vanishing heat capacity at absolute zero temperature are mutually deducible and equivalent. Simultaneously, it is…
We present the mathematical ingredients for an extension of the Third Law of Thermodynamics (Nernst heat postulate) to nonequilibrium processes. The central quantity is the excess heat which measures the quasistatic addition to the steady…
We address the problem of thermodynamic equilibrium with constant acceleration along the velocity field lines in a quantum relativistic statistical mechanics framework. We show that for a free scalar quantum field, after vacuum subtraction,…
The state function entropy and its quantum thermodynamical implication for two typical dissipative systems with anomalous spectral densities are studied by investigating on their low-temperature quantum behavior. In all cases it is found…
We study the interplay between superconductivity and non-Fermi liquid behavior of a Fermi surface coupled to a massless $SU(N)$ matrix boson near the quantum critical point. The presence of thermal infrared singularities in both the…
It has long been taken for granted that there is only one type of thermodynamic system near absolute zero temperature: the ordinary one compatible with all statements of the third law, with a fundamental yet tacit assumption that all heat…
We calculate the dependence of heat capacity of a free standing thin membrane on its thickness and temperature. A remarkable fact is that for a given temperature there exists a minimum in the dependence of the heat capacity on the…
The zeroth principle of thermodynamics in the form "temperature is uniform at equilibrium" is notoriously violated in relativistic gravity. Temperature uniformity is often derived from the maximization of the total number of microstates of…
We explore the implications of the averaged null energy condition for thermal states of relativistic quantum field theories. A key property of such thermal states is the thermalization length. This lengthscale generalizes the notion of a…
We consider zero-temperature transitions from conformal to non-conformal phases in quantum theories. We argue that there are three generic mechanisms for the loss of conformality in any number of dimensions: (i) fixed point goes to zero…
The evaluation of the specific heat of an open, damped quantum system is a subtle issue. One possible route is based on the thermodynamic partition function which is the ratio of the partition functions of system plus bath and of the bath…
Thermal properties of few-fermion (n < 5) systems are investigated. The dependence of the heat capacity on the topology and shape of the cavity containing the particles is analyzed. It is found that the maximum of the heat capacity,…
We discuss and review several thermodynamic criteria that have been introduced to characterize the thermal stability of a self-correcting quantum memory. We first examine the use of symmetry-breaking fields in analyzing the properties of…