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The aim of Reinforcement Learning (RL) in real-world applications is to create systems capable of making autonomous decisions by learning from their environment through trial and error. This paper emphasizes the importance of reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Sinan Ibrahim , Mostafa Mostafa , Ali Jnadi , Hadi Salloum , Pavel Osinenko

While reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) is effective to improve the reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs), its reliance on human-annotated labels leads to the scaling up dilemma, especially for complex tasks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Zizhuo Zhang , Jianing Zhu , Xinmu Ge , Zihua Zhao , Zhanke Zhou , Xuan Li , Xiao Feng , Jiangchao Yao , Bo Han

Image captioning is a fundamental task that bridges the visual and linguistic domains, playing a critical role in pre-training Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs). Current state-of-the-art captioning models are typically trained with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Long Xing , Xiaoyi Dong , Yuhang Zang , Yuhang Cao , Jianze Liang , Qidong Huang , Jiaqi Wang , Feng Wu , Dahua Lin

Recent advances at the intersection of reinforcement learning (RL) and visual intelligence have enabled agents that not only perceive complex visual scenes but also reason, generate, and act within them. This survey offers a critical and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Weijia Wu , Chen Gao , Joya Chen , Kevin Qinghong Lin , Qingwei Meng , Yiming Zhang , Yuke Qiu , Hong Zhou , Mike Zheng Shou

Masked Generative Models (MGM)s demonstrate strong capabilities in generating high-fidelity images. However, they need many sampling steps to create high-quality generations, resulting in slow inference speed. In this work, we propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Pranav Subbaraman , Shufan Li , Siyan Zhao , Aditya Grover

Leveraging the priors of 2D diffusion models for 3D editing has emerged as a promising paradigm. However, maintaining multi-view consistency in edited results remains challenging, and the extreme scarcity of 3D-consistent editing paired…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Jiyuan Wang , Chunyu Lin , Lei Sun , Zhi Cao , Yuyang Yin , Lang Nie , Zhenlong Yuan , Xiangxiang Chu , Yunchao Wei , Kang Liao , Guosheng Lin

Reinforcement learning (RL) post-training is a critical stage in modern language model development, playing a key role in improving alignment and reasoning ability. However, several phenomena remain poorly understood, including the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Akiyoshi Tomihari

Recent advances in text-to-image (T2I) generation via reinforcement learning (RL) have benefited from reward models that assess semantic alignment and visual quality. However, most existing reward models pay limited attention to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Sashuai Zhou , Qiang Zhou , Junpeng Ma , Yue Cao , Ruofan Hu , Ziang Zhang , Xiaoda Yang , Zhibin Wang , Jun Song , Cheng Yu , Bo Zheng , Zhou Zhao

Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown its strength in challenging sequential decision-making problems. The reward function in RL is crucial to the learning performance, as it serves as a measure of the task completion degree. In real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Siyuan Li , Shijie Han , Yingnan Zhao , By Liang , Peng Liu

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has improved the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) by using rule-based binary feedback. However, current RLVR methods typically assign the same reward to every token.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Guofu Xie , Yunsheng Shi , Hongtao Tian , Ting Yao , Xiao Zhang

Continual learning aims to learn multiple tasks sequentially. A key challenge in continual learning is balancing between two objectives: retaining knowledge from old tasks (stability) and adapting to new tasks (plasticity). Experience…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Song Lai , Zhe Zhao , Fei Zhu , Xi Lin , Qingfu Zhang , Gaofeng Meng

Recent text-only models demonstrate remarkable mathematical reasoning capabilities. Extending these to visual domains requires vision-language models to translate images into text descriptions. However, current models, trained to produce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 John Gkountouras , Ivan Titov

Reinforcement learning is able to solve complex sequential decision-making tasks but is currently limited by sample efficiency and required computation. To improve sample efficiency, recent work focuses on model-based RL which interleaves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Yi Zhao , Wenshuai Zhao , Rinu Boney , Juho Kannala , Joni Pajarinen

Recent advances in human preference alignment have significantly improved multimodal generation and understanding. A key approach is to train reward models that provide supervision signals for preference optimization. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Yibin Wang , Yuhang Zang , Hao Li , Cheng Jin , Jiaqi Wang

This work explores enabling Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning to link visual cues across multiple images. A straightforward solution is to adapt rule-based reinforcement learning for Vision-Language Models (VLMs). However, such methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Xi Chen , Mingkang Zhu , Shaoteng Liu , Xiaoyang Wu , Xiaogang Xu , Yu Liu , Xiang Bai , Hengshuang Zhao

Although chain-of-thought reasoning and reinforcement learning (RL) have driven breakthroughs in NLP, their integration into generative vision models remains underexplored. We introduce ReasonGen-R1, a two-stage framework that first imbues…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Yu Zhang , Yunqi Li , Yifan Yang , Rui Wang , Yuqing Yang , Dai Qi , Jianmin Bao , Dongdong Chen , Chong Luo , Lili Qiu

Reinforcement Learning is a mature technology, often suggested as a potential route towards Artificial General Intelligence, with the ambitious goal of replicating the wide range of abilities found in natural and artificial intelligence,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Markus D. Solbach , John K. Tsotsos

Existing visual model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) algorithms with observation reconstruction often suffer from information conflicts, making it difficult to learn compact representations and hence result in less robust policies,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Shiguang Sun , Hanbo Zhang , Zeyang Liu , Xinrui Yang , Lipeng Wan , Xingyu Chen , Xuguang Lan

Learning from rewards (i.e., reinforcement learning or RL) and learning to imitate a teacher (i.e., teacher-student learning) are two established approaches for solving sequential decision-making problems. To combine the benefits of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Idan Shenfeld , Zhang-Wei Hong , Aviv Tamar , Pulkit Agrawal

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a general framework concerned with an agent that seeks to maximize rewards in an environment. The learning typically happens through trial and error using explorative methods, such as epsilon-greedy. There are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Per-Arne Andersen , Morten Goodwin , Ole-Christoffer Granmo
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