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Within just two years, two interstellar objects (ISOs) - Oumuamuas and Borisov - have been discovered. Large quantities of planetesimals form as a by-product of planet formation. Therefore, it seems likely that ISOs are former planetesimals…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-14 Susanne Pfalzner , Luis Aizpuru Vargas , Asmita Bhandare , Dimitri Veras

Planetesimals inevitably bear the signatures of their natal environment, preserving in their composition a record of the metallicity of their system's original gas and dust, albeit one altered by the formation process. When planetesimals…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-01-04 Chris Lintott , Michele T. Bannister , J. Ted Mackereth

We develop an idealized dynamical model to predict the typical properties of outer extrasolar planetary systems, at radii beyond 5 AU. Our hypothesis is that dynamical evolution in outer planetary systems is controlled by a combination of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Sean N. Raymond , Philip J. Armitage , Noel Gorelick

1I/'Oumuamua (or 1I) and 2I/Borisov (or 2I), the first InterStellar Objects (ISOs) discovered passing through the solar system, have opened up entirely new areas of exobody research. Finding additional ISOs and planning missions to…

The discoveries of two Interstellar Objects (ISOs) in recent years has generated significant interest in constraining their physical properties and the mechanisms behind their formation. However, their ephemeral passages through our Solar…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-02 Samuel H. C. Cabot , Gregory Laughlin

Most stars form in star clusters and stellar associated. To understand the roles of star cluster environments in shaping the dynamical evolution of planetary systems, we carry out direct $N$-body simulations of four planetary systems models…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-15 Maxwell Xu Cai , M. B. N. Kouwenhoven , Simon F. Portegies Zwart , Rainer Spurzem

During the late stage of planet formation when Mars-size cores appear, interactions among planetary cores can excite their orbital eccentricities, speed their merges and thus sculpture the final architecture of planet systems. This series…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-13 Huigen Liu , Ji-lin Zhou , S. Wang

Interstellar objects (ISOs), the parent population of 1I/Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov, are abundant in the interstellar medium of the Milky Way. This means that the interstellar medium, including molecular cloud regions, has three components:…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-11-24 Susanne Pfalzner , Dylan Paterson , Michele T. Bannister , Simon Portegies Zwart

Instabilities and strong dynamical interactions between multiple giant planets have been proposed as a possible explanation for the surprising orbital properties of extrasolar planetary systems. In particular, dynamical instabilities seem…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Eric B. Ford , Frederic A. Rasio , Kenneth Yu

Capture of interstellar objects (ISOs) into the Solar system is dominated by ISOs with asymptotic incoming speeds $v_\infty<4\,$km\,s$^{-1}$. The capture rate is proportional to the ISO phase-space density in the Solar vicinity and does not…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-05 Walter Dehnen , Thomas O. Hands , Ralph Schönrich

Interstellar objects (ISOs) represent a compelling and under-explored category of celestial bodies, providing physical laboratories to understand the formation of our solar system and probe the composition and properties of material formed…

We study the final architecture of planetary systems that evolve under the combined effects of planet-planet and planetesimal scattering. Using N-body simulations we investigate the dynamics of marginally unstable systems of gas and ice…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-07-22 Sean N. Raymond , Philip J. Armitage , Noel Gorelick

The Milky Way is thought to host a huge population of interstellar objects (ISOs), numbering approximately $10^{15}\mathrm{pc}^{-3}$ around the Sun, which are formed and shaped by a diverse set of processes ranging from planet formation to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-16 Matthew J. Hopkins , Chris Lintott , Michele T. Bannister , J. Ted Mackereth , John C. Forbes

The ejection of planets by the instability of planetary systems is a potential source of free-floating planets. We numerically simulate multi-planet systems to study the evolution process, the properties of surviving systems, and the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-16 Ruocheng Zhai , Man Hoi Lee , Tianjun Gan , Shude Mao

We present models for the formation of terrestrial planets, and the collisional evolution of debris disks, in planetary systems that contain multiple unstable gas giants. We previously showed that the dynamics of the giant planets…

The ubiquity of planets and diversity of planetary systems reveal planet formation encompass many complex and competing processes. In this series of papers, we develop and upgrade a population synthesis model as a tool to identify the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 S. Ida , D. N. C. Lin , M. Nagasawa

Multiple studies have shown that planet-planet scattering plays an important role in the dynamical evolution of planetary systems. For instance, it has been shown that planet-planet scattering can reproduce the eccentricity distribution of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-24 Hareesh Gautham Bhaskar , Hagai Perets

Interstellar objects (ISOs) are small bodies that can travel through our solar system from other star systems. When present in our solar system, they represent an opportunity to study the properties and origins of these objects, as well as…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-25 Declan Mages , Davide Farnocchia , Benjamin Donitz

The high-multiplicity exoplanet systems are generally more tightly packed when compared to the solar system. Such compact multi-planet systems are often susceptible to dynamical instability. We investigate the impact of dynamical…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-13 Tuhin Ghosh , Sourav Chatterjee

Circumstantial evidence suggests that most known extra-solar planetary systems are survivors of violent dynamical instabilities. Here we explore how giant planet instabilities affect the formation and survival of terrestrial planets. We…

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