English
Related papers

Related papers: When do spectral gradient updates help in deep lea…

200 papers

Deep neural networks are a promising approach towards multi-task learning because of their capability to leverage knowledge across domains and learn general purpose representations. Nevertheless, they can fail to live up to these promises…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Mihai Suteu , Yike Guo

Deep Neural Networks are generally trained using iterative gradient updates. Magnitudes of gradients are affected by many factors, including choice of activation functions and initialization. More importantly, gradient magnitudes can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-25 Sami Abu-El-Haija

A recent line of research has shown that gradient-based algorithms with random initialization can converge to the global minima of the training loss for over-parameterized (i.e., sufficiently wide) deep neural networks. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Difan Zou , Quanquan Gu

Improving performance of deep learning models and reducing their training times are ongoing challenges in deep neural networks. There are several approaches proposed to address these challenges one of which is to increase the depth of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-20 Sunitha Basodi , Chunyan Ji , Haiping Zhang , Yi Pan

Recent advances in spectral optimization, notably Muon, have demonstrated that constraining update steps to the Stiefel manifold can significantly accelerate training and improve generalization. However, Muon implicitly assumes an isotropic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Yechen Zhang , Shuhao Xing , Junhao Huang , Kai Lv , Yunhua Zhou , Xipeng Qiu , Qipeng Guo , Kai Chen

Despite tremendous success of modern neural networks, they are known to be overconfident even when the model encounters inputs with unfamiliar conditions. Detecting such inputs is vital to preventing models from making naive predictions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-07 Jinsol Lee , Ghassan AlRegib

In deep learning, optimization plays a vital role. By focusing on image classification, this work investigates the pros and cons of the widely used optimizers, and proposes a new optimizer: Perturbated Unit Gradient Descent (PUGD) algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Ching-Hsun. Tseng , Liu-Hsueh. Cheng , Shin-Jye. Lee , Xiaojun Zeng

The $\mu$-parameterization ($\mu$P) provides a principled foundation for large language model (LLM) training by prescribing width-independent learning dynamics, which in turn enables predictable scaling behavior and robust hyperparameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 John Zhao

Muon improves neural-network training by orthogonalizing matrix-valued updates, but it leaves each layer's update magnitude controlled mostly by a global learning rate. We introduce OrScale, a trust-ratio extension of Muon built on a simple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yuxuan Lou , Yang You

A major challenge in training large-scale machine learning models is configuring the training process to maximize model performance, i.e., finding the best training setup from a vast design space. In this work, we unlock a gradient-based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-19 Logan Engstrom , Andrew Ilyas , Benjamin Chen , Axel Feldmann , William Moses , Aleksander Madry

We introduce a new technique for gradient normalization during neural network training. The gradients are rescaled during the backward pass using normalization layers introduced at certain points within the network architecture. These…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Alejandro Cabana , Luis F. Lago-Fernández

State-of-the-art training algorithms for deep learning models are based on stochastic gradient descent (SGD). Recently, many variations have been explored: perturbing parameters for better accuracy (such as in Extragradient), limiting SGD…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Amirkeivan Mohtashami , Martin Jaggi , Sebastian U. Stich

In this work, we develop proximal preconditioned gradient methods with a focus on spectral gradient methods providing a proximal extension to the Muon and Scion optimizers. We introduce a family of stochastic algorithms that can handle a…

Deep neural networks are usually trained in the space of the nodes, by adjusting the weights of existing links via suitable optimization protocols. We here propose a radically new approach which anchors the learning process to reciprocal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Lorenzo Giambagli , Lorenzo Buffoni , Timoteo Carletti , Walter Nocentini , Duccio Fanelli

Optimization lies at the core of modern deep learning, yet existing methods often face a fundamental trade-off between adapting to problem geometry and leveraging curvature utilization. Steepest descent algorithms adapt to different…

Recently, Muon and related spectral optimizers have demonstrated strong empirical performance as scalable stochastic methods, often outperforming Adam. Yet their behaviour remains poorly understood. We analyze stochastic spectral…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Elliot Paquette , Noah Marshall , Lucas Benigni , Guangyuan Wang , Atish Agarwala , Courtney Paquette

This paper presents a novel technique based on gradient boosting to train the final layers of a neural network (NN). Gradient boosting is an additive expansion algorithm in which a series of models are trained sequentially to approximate a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Seyedsaman Emami , Gonzalo Martínez-Muñoz

The great success neural networks have achieved is inseparable from the application of gradient-descent (GD) algorithms. Based on GD, many variant algorithms have emerged to improve the GD optimization process. The gradient for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Zefan Li , Bingbing Ni , Teng Li , WenJun Zhang , Wen Gao

Deep learning has revolutionized industries like computer vision, natural language processing, and speech recognition. However, back propagation, the main method for training deep neural networks, faces challenges like computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Gokulprasath R

Deep neural networks (DNNs) play an important role in machine learning due to its outstanding performance compared to other alternatives. However, DNNs are not suitable for safety-critical applications since DNNs can be easily fooled by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Zhixin Pan , Prabhat Mishra