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Fault-tolerant quantum computation is a technique that is necessary to build a scalable quantum computer from noisy physical building blocks. Key for the implementation of fault-tolerant computations is the ability to perform a universal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-14 Markus Grassl , Martin Roetteler

Surface codes are a popular choice for implementing fault-tolerant quantum computing. Two-qubit gates may be realised in these codes using only nearest-neighbour interactions, either by lattice surgery or by braiding defects around each…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-21 Mateusz Kupper , Dominic Horsman , Chris Heunen , Niel de Beaudrap

Current experiments are taking the first steps toward noise-resilient logical qubits. Crucially, a quantum computer must not merely store information, but also process it. A fault-tolerant computational procedure ensures that errors do not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-13 Earl T. Campbell , Barbara M. Terhal , Christophe Vuillot

The ongoing development of hardware that is capable of reliably executing general quantum algorithms requires quantum error-correcting codes that are both practical for realisation and rapidly reduce logical error rates as they are scaled…

Whether it is at the fabrication stage or during the course of the quantum computation, e.g. because of high-energy events like cosmic rays, the qubits constituting an error correcting code may be rendered inoperable. Such defects may…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-26 Adam Siegel , Armands Strikis , Thomas Flatters , Simon Benjamin

Quantum bits have technological imperfections. Additionally, the capacity of a component that can be implemented feasibly is limited. Therefore, distributed quantum computation is required to scale up quantum computers. This dissertation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-11 Shota Nagayama

Recent developments in mapping lattice gauge theories relevant to the Standard Model onto digital quantum computers identify scalable paths with well-defined quantum compilation challenges toward the continuum. As an entry point to these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-13 Jacky Jiang , Natalie Klco , Olivia Di Matteo

We present a complete architecture for scalable quantum computation with ultracold atoms in optical lattices using optical tweezers focused to the size of a lattice spacing. We discuss three different two-qubit gates based on local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-05-16 Christof Weitenberg , Stefan Kuhr , Klaus Mølmer , Jacob F. Sherson

In this work, we introduce a method to construct fault-tolerant measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC) architectures and numerically estimate their performance over various types of networks. A possible application of such a paradigm…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-07 Yves van Montfort , Sébastian de Bone , David Elkouss

We present an architecture for early fault-tolerant quantum computers based on the smallest interesting colour code (Earl Campbell, 2016). It realizes a universal logical gate set consisting of single-qubit measurements and preparations in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-29 Jacob S. Nelson , Andrew J. Landahl , Andrew D. Baczewski

One of the most promising paths towards large scale fault tolerant quantum computation is the use of quantum error correcting stabilizer codes. Just like every other quantum circuit, these codes must be compiled to hardware in a way to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-07 Sahil Khan , Suhas Vittal , Kenneth Brown , Jonathan Baker

Recently, usage of detecting regions facilitated the discovery of new circuits for fault-tolerantly implementing the surface code. Building on these ideas, we present LUCI, a framework for constructing fault-tolerant circuits flexible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Dripto M. Debroy , Matt McEwen , Craig Gidney , Noah Shutty , Adam Zalcman

We systematically construct and classify fault-tolerant logical gates implemented by constant-depth circuits for quantum codes using cohomology operations and symmetry. These logical gates are obtained from unitary operators given by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-30 Po-Shen Hsin , Ryohei Kobayashi , Guanyu Zhu

The topological surface code is a leading candidate for harnessing long-range entanglement to protect logical quantum information against errors, and teleportation of logical states is desirable for robust quantum information processing.…

We present a proposal for quantum information processing with neutral atoms trapped in optical lattices as qubits. Initialization and coherent control of single qubits can be achieved with standard laser cooling and spectroscopic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Ivan H. Deutsch , Gavin K. Brennen , Poul S. Jessen

Quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes are a promising construction for drastically reducing the overhead of fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) architectures. However, all of the known hardware implementations of these codes…

We show the applicability of the Cartan decomposition of Lie algebras to quantum circuits. This approach can be used to synthesize circuits that can efficiently implement any desired unitary operation. Our method finds explicit quantum…

Simulating the dynamics of electrons and other fermionic particles in quantum chemistry, materials science, and high-energy physics is one of the most promising applications of fault-tolerant quantum computers. However, the overhead in…

The fragile nature of quantum information limits our ability to construct large quantities of quantum bits suitable for quantum computing. An important goal, therefore, is to minimize the amount of resources required to implement quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-11 Adam Paetznick , Austin G. Fowler

In this paper, we propose an efficient compilation method for distributed quantum computing (DQC) using the Linear Nearest Neighbor (LNN) architecture. By exploiting the LNN topology's symmetry, we optimize quantum circuit compilation for…