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In this paper, we examine a status updating system where updates generated by the source are sent to the monitor through an erasure channel. We assume each update consists of $k$ symbols and the symbol erasure in each time slot follows an…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Songtao Feng , Jing Yang

The effective operation of time-critical Internet of things (IoT) applications requires real-time reporting of fresh status information of underlying physical processes. In this paper, a real-time IoT monitoring system is considered, in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-07-25 Bo Zhou , Walid Saad

This paper studies efficient data management and timely information dissemination for real-time monitoring of an $N$-state Markov process, enabling accurate state estimation and reliable actuation decisions. First, we analyze the Age of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Mehrdad Salimnejad , Anthony Ephremides , Marios Kountouris , Nikolaos Pappas

The groundbreaking metric age of information (AoI) has been introduced to measure information freshness in communication networks. As transformational as it is, AoI metric falls short in some applications, such as remote monitoring, since…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Ismail Cosandal , Sennur Ulukus

Links in practical systems, such as satellite--terrestrial integrated networks, exhibit distinct delay distributions, intermittent availability, and heterogeneous energy costs. These characteristics pose significant challenges to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Adem Utku Atasayar , Aimin Li , Çağrı Arı , Elif Uysal

Data freshness, measured by Age of Information (AoI), is highly relevant in networked applications such as Vehicle to Everything (V2X), smart health systems, and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). However, freshness alone does not always…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Aimin Li , Shaohua Wu , Gary C. F. Lee , Sumei Sun

This work is motivated by the need of collecting fresh data from power-constrained sensors in the industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) network. A recently proposed metric, the Age of Information (AoI) is adopted to measure data freshness…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Haoyue Tang , Jintao Wang , Linqi Song , Jian Song

We consider a finite-state Discrete-Time Markov Chain (DTMC) source that can be sampled for detecting the events when the DTMC transits to a new state. Our goal is to study the trade-off between sampling frequency and staleness in detecting…

Performance · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Jaya Prakash Champati , Mikael Skoglund , James Gross

In cyber-physical systems, as in 5G and beyond, multiple physical processes require timely online monitoring at a remote device. There, the received information is used to estimate current and future process values. When transmitting the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Stefan Roth , Ahmed Arafa , H. Vincent Poor , Aydin Sezgin

This paper considers a cognitive radio-based IoT monitoring system, consisting of an IoT device that aims to update its measurement to a destination using cognitive radio technique. Specifically, the IoT device as a secondary user (SIoT),…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-09 Qian Wang , He Chen , Yifan Gu , Yonghui Li , Branka Vucetic

With the rapid growth of real-time Internet of Things (IoT) applications, the need for fresh information has surged. Age of Information (AoI) is a tailor-made metric to characterize the information freshness perceived by the devices. In…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Jingzhou Sun , Zhiyuan Jiang , Sheng Zhou , Zhisheng Niu

The freshness or timeliness of data at server is a significant key performance indicator of sensor networks, especially in tolerance critical applications such as factory automation. As an effective and intuitive measurement to data…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-30 Bin Han , Yao Zhu , Zhiyuan Jiang , Yulin hu , Hans D. Schotten

We investigate a real-time remote inference system where multiple correlated sources transmit observations over a communication channel to a receiver. The receiver utilizes these observations to infer multiple time-varying targets. Due to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Md Kamran Chowdhury Shisher , Vishrant Tripathi , Mung Chiang , Christopher G. Brinton

This paper focuses on optimizing the long-term average age of information (AoI) in device-to-device (D2D) networks through age-aware link scheduling. The problem is naturally formulated as a Markov decision process (MDP). However, finding…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-04 Lixin Wang , Qian Wang , He Chen , Shidong Zhou

This paper studies the user scheduling problem in a multiuser multiple-input multi-output (MIMO) status update system, in which multiple single-antenna devices aim to send their latest statuses to a multiple-antenna information-fusion…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-19 He Chen , Qian Wang , Zheng Dong , Ning Zhang

Age-of-Information (AoI), or simply age, which measures the data freshness, is essential for real-time Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. On the other hand, energy saving is urgently required by many energy-constrained IoT devices. This…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Jie Gong , Jianhang Zhu , Xiang Chen , Xiao Ma

Ocean exploration places high demands on autonomous underwater vehicles, especially when there's observation delay. We propose age of information optimized Markov decision process (AoI-MDP) to enhance underwater tasks by modeling…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-19 Yimian Ding , Jingzehua Xu , Yiyuan Yang , Guanwen Xie , Xinqi Wang , Shuai Zhang

In this paper, we study how to take samples at a data source for improving the freshness of received data samples at a remote receiver. We use non-linear functions of the age of information to measure data freshness, and provide a survey of…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-05-06 Yin Sun , Benjamin Cyr

In this paper, we study how to collect fresh data in time-varying networks with power constrained users. We measure data freshness from the perspective of the central controller by using the metric Age of Information, namely the time…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Haoyue Tang , Jintao Wang , Linqi Song , Jian Song

The proliferation of mobile devices and real-time status updating applications has motivated the optimization of data freshness in the context of age of information (AoI). Meanwhile, increasing computational demands have inspired research…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Mengqiu Zhou , Meng Zhang , Howard H. Yang , Roy D. Yates