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We provide a general theoretical analysis of expected out-of-sample utility, also referred to as decision-theoretic classification, for non-decomposable binary classification metrics such as F-measure and Jaccard coefficient. Our key result…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-05-08 Nagarajan Natarajan , Oluwasanmi Koyejo , Pradeep Ravikumar , Inderjit S. Dhillon

A vital aspect of the classification based model construction process is the calibration of the scoring function. One of the weaknesses of the calibration process is that it does not take into account the information about the relative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Pawel Trajdos , Robert Burduk

The Pearson-Matthews correlation coefficient (usually abbreviated MCC) is considered to be one of the most useful metrics for the performance of a binary classification or hypothesis testing method (for the sake of conciseness we will use…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-11 Petre Stoica , Prabhu Babu

Existing algorithms aiming to learn a binary classifier from positive (P) and unlabeled (U) data generally require estimating the class prior or label noises ahead of building a classification model. However, the estimation and classifier…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Tianyu Li , Chien-Chih Wang , Yukun Ma , Patricia Ortal , Qifang Zhao , Bjorn Stenger , Yu Hirate

Binary, or one-bit, representations of data arise naturally in many applications, and are appealing in both hardware implementations and algorithm design. In this work, we study the problem of data classification from binary data and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-10 Deanna Needell , Rayan Saab , Tina Woolf

One of the central themes in the classification task is the estimation of class posterior probability at a new point $\bf{x}$. The vast majority of classifiers output a score for $\bf{x}$, which is monotonically related to the posterior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-16 Georgi Nalbantov , Svetoslav Ivanov

Primary users (PU) separation concerns with the issues of distinguishing and characterizing primary users in cognitive radio (CR) networks. We argue the need for PU separation in the context of collaborative spectrum sensing and monitor…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2012-04-23 Huy Nguyen , Rong Zheng , Zhu Han

Getting tools that allow simple representations and comparisons of a set of categorical trajectories is of major interest for statisticians. Without loosing any information, we associate to each state a binary random indicator function,…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-05 Hervé Cardot , Caroline Peltier

To check the accuracy of Bayesian computations, it is common to use rank-based simulation-based calibration (SBC). However, SBC has drawbacks: The test statistic is somewhat ad-hoc, interactions are difficult to examine, multiple testing is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-31 Yuling Yao , Justin Domke

In functional data analysis, binary classification with one functional covariate has been extensively studied. We aim to fill in the gap of considering multivariate functional covariates in classification. In particular, we propose an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-11 Bingfan Liu , Peijun Sang

In this work we cast the problem of binary classification in terms of estimating a partition on Bernoulli data. When the explanatory variables are all categorical, the problem can be modelled using the language of boolean functions. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-03-24 Paulo Hubert

Most binary classifiers work by processing the input to produce a scalar response and comparing it to a threshold value. The various measures of classifier performance assume, explicitly or implicitly, probability distributions $P_s$ and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Luma Omar , Ioannis Ivrissimtzis

This paper provides both an introduction to and a detailed overview of the principles and practice of classifier calibration. A well-calibrated classifier correctly quantifies the level of uncertainty or confidence associated with its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Telmo Silva Filho , Hao Song , Miquel Perello-Nieto , Raul Santos-Rodriguez , Meelis Kull , Peter Flach

Information divergence functions play a critical role in statistics and information theory. In this paper we show that a non-parametric f-divergence measure can be used to provide improved bounds on the minimum binary classification…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-02-11 Visar Berisha , Alan Wisler , Alfred O. Hero , Andreas Spanias

Feature Selection is a crucial procedure in Data Science tasks such as Classification, since it identifies the relevant variables, making thus the classification procedures more interpretable, cheaper in terms of measurement and more…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-17 Sandra Benítez-Peña , Rafael Blanquero , Emilio Carrizosa , Pepa Ramírez-Cobo

This paper proposes a generic formulation that significantly expedites the training and deployment of image classification models, particularly under the scenarios of many image categories and high feature dimensions. As a defining…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-03-15 Fumin Shen , Yadong Mu , Wei Liu , Yang Yang , Heng Tao Shen

We aim to create the highest possible quality of treatment-control matches for categorical data in the potential outcomes framework. Matching methods are heavily used in the social sciences due to their interpretability, but most matching…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-11 Yameng Liu , Aw Dieng , Sudeepa Roy , Cynthia Rudin , Alexander Volfovsky

The problem of nonparametric functional data classification and bandwidth selection is considered when the response variable, also called the class label, might be missing but not at random (MNAR). This setup is broadly acknowledged to be…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-12 Majid Mojirsheibani

Positive-unlabeled (PU) learning is a weakly supervised binary classification problem, in which the goal is to learn a binary classifier from only positive and unlabeled data, without access to negative data. In recent years, many PU…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Wei Wang , Dong-Dong Wu , Ming Li , Jingxiong Zhang , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

We introduce a doubly stochastic marked point process model for supervised classification problems. Regardless of the number of classes or the dimension of the feature space, the model requires only 2--3 parameters for the covariance…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-07-20 Jie Yang , Klaus Miescke , Peter McCullagh