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Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit pronounced context-dependent variability that undermines predictable multi-agent behavior in tasks requiring strategic thinking. Focusing on models that range from 7 to 9 billion parameters in size…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Nunzio Lore , Babak Heydari

Full-duplex spoken dialogue models (SDMs) can listen and speak simultaneously, enabling interaction dynamics closer to human conversation than turn-based systems. Inspired by neural coupling in human communication, we study how such models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Pablo Riera , Pablo Brusco , Cristina Kuo , Marcelo Sancinetti , S. R. K. Branavan

Creating multilingual task-oriented dialogue (TOD) agents is challenging due to the high cost of training data acquisition. Following the research trend of improving training data efficiency, we show for the first time, that in-context…

Dialog state tracking (DST) suffers from severe data sparsity. While many natural language processing (NLP) tasks benefit from transfer learning and multi-task learning, in dialog these methods are limited by the amount of available data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Michael Heck , Carel van Niekerk , Nurul Lubis , Christian Geishauser , Hsien-Chin Lin , Marco Moresi , Milica Gašić

In this paper, we present a neural network based task-oriented dialogue system that can be optimized end-to-end with deep reinforcement learning (RL). The system is able to track dialogue state, interface with knowledge bases, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-12-04 Bing Liu , Gokhan Tur , Dilek Hakkani-Tur , Pararth Shah , Larry Heck

Tool-integrated (TI) reinforcement learning (RL) enables large language models (LLMs) to perform multi-step reasoning by interacting with external tools such as search engines and retrievers. Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Wenlong Deng , Yushu Li , Boying Gong , Yi Ren , Christos Thrampoulidis , Xiaoxiao Li

This paper identifies a critical yet underexplored challenge in reasoning alignment from multiple multi-modal large language models (MLLMs): In non-stationary environments, the diverse reasoning distributions of source models often evolve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xiaoyu Yang , En Yu , Wei Duan , Jie Lu

As an essential component in task-oriented dialogue systems, dialogue state tracking (DST) aims to track human-machine interactions and generate state representations for managing the dialogue. Representations of dialogue states are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Ruolin Su , Ting-Wei Wu , Biing-Hwang Juang

Long-horizon dialogue systems suffer from semanticdrift and unstable memory retention across extended sessions. This paper presents a Multi-Layer Memory Framework that decomposes dialogue history into working, episodic, and semantic layers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Sunil Tiwari , Payal Fofadiya

We aim to produce a smaller language model that is aligned to user intent. Previous research has shown that applying distilled supervised fine-tuning (dSFT) on larger models significantly improves task accuracy; however, these models are…

Most of the open-domain dialogue models tend to perform poorly in the setting of long-term human-bot conversations. The possible reason is that they lack the capability of understanding and memorizing long-term dialogue history information.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Xinchao Xu , Zhibin Gou , Wenquan Wu , Zheng-Yu Niu , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang , Shihang Wang

Most existing neural-based text-to-speech methods rely on extensive datasets and face challenges under low-resource condition. In this paper, we introduce a novel semi-supervised text-to-speech synthesis model that learns from both paired…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Jianzong Wang , Pengcheng Li , Xulong Zhang , Ning Cheng , Jing Xiao

At the forefront of state-of-the-art human alignment methods are preference optimization methods (*PO). Prior research has often concentrated on identifying the best-performing method, typically involving a grid search over hyperparameters,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Kian Ahrabian , Xihui Lin , Barun Patra , Vishrav Chaudhary , Alon Benhaim , Jay Pujara , Xia Song

Recent advances in alignment techniques such as Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT), Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), and Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) have improved the safety of large language models (LLMs). However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Mengxuan Hu , Vivek V. Datla , Anoop Kumar , Zihan Guan , Sheng Li , Alfy Samuel , Daben Liu

Large language models (LLMs) excel across various tasks, but standard first-order (FO) fine-tuning demands considerable memory, significantly limiting real-world deployment. Recently, zeroth-order (ZO) optimization stood out as a promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Qitao Tan , Jun Liu , Zheng Zhan , Caiwei Ding , Yanzhi Wang , Xiaolong Ma , Jaewoo Lee , Jin Lu , Geng Yuan

General-purpose large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in verticals such as telecommunications, where adaptation is hindered by scarce, low-information-density corpora and tight mobile/edge constraints. We propose Data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Zhicheng Zhou , Jing Li , Suming Qiu , Junjie Huang , Linyuan Qiu , Zhijie Sun

Despite the surging demands for multilingual task-oriented dialog systems (e.g., Alexa, Google Home), there has been less research done in multilingual or cross-lingual scenarios. Hence, we propose a zero-shot adaptation of task-oriented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Zihan Liu , Jamin Shin , Yan Xu , Genta Indra Winata , Peng Xu , Andrea Madotto , Pascale Fung

Dialogue state tracking (DST) is evaluated by exact matching methods, which rely on large amounts of labeled data and ignore semantic consistency, leading to over-evaluation. Currently, leveraging large language models (LLM) in evaluating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Ming Gu , Yan Yang

This paper introduces Parallel Tacotron 2, a non-autoregressive neural text-to-speech model with a fully differentiable duration model which does not require supervised duration signals. The duration model is based on a novel attention…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Isaac Elias , Heiga Zen , Jonathan Shen , Yu Zhang , Ye Jia , RJ Skerry-Ryan , Yonghui Wu

In Task-Oriented Dialogue (TOD) systems, correctly updating the system's understanding of the user's requests (\textit{a.k.a} dialogue state tracking) is key to a smooth interaction. Traditionally, TOD systems perform this update in three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Lucas Druart , Valentin Vielzeuf , Yannick Estève
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