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Powered by position-flexible antennas, the emerging fluid antenna system (FAS) technology is postulated as a key enabler for massive connectivity in 6G networks. The free movement of antenna elements enables the opportunistic minimization…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-24 Pablo Ramirez-Espinosa , David Morales-Jimenez , Kai-Kit Wong

The Fluid Antenna System (FAS), which enables flexible Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) communications, introduces new spatial degrees of freedom for next-generation wireless networks. Unlike traditional MIMO, FAS involves joint port…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Chao Wang , Kai-Kit Wong , Zan Li , Liang Jin , Chan-Byoung Chae

Fluid antenna system (FAS) has recently surfaced as a promising technology for the upcoming sixth generation (6G) wireless networks. Unlike traditional antenna system (TAS) with fixed antenna location, FAS introduces a flexible component in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-04 Wee Kiat New , Kai-Kit Wong , Hao Xu , Farshad Rostami Ghadi , Ross Murch , Chan-Byoung Chae

Fluid antenna systems (FASs) offer substantial spatial diversity by exploiting the electromagnetic port correlation within compact array spaces, thereby generating favorable small-scale fading conditions with beneficial channel gain…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Haoyu Liang , Zhentian Zhang , Jian Dang , Hao Jiang , Zaichen Zhang

Future sixth-generation (6G) networks require high spectral efficiency (SE), massive connectivity, and stringent reliability under imperfect channel state information at the transmitter. Rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) addresses part…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-15 Jinyuan Liu , Yong Liang Guan , Hong Niu , Qian Zhang , Mérouane Debbah , Hyundong Shin , Bruno Clerckx

Most existing integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) studies focus on enabling a base station (BS) to support sensing and communication over shared resources through advanced waveform design and power allocation. In contrast, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-25 Noor Waqar , Kai-Kit Wong , Chan-Byoung Chae , Ross Murch

With the evolution of mobile communication systems toward large-scale arrays, high-frequency operation, and reconfigurable antenna architectures, fluid antenna systems (FAS) operating in the near-field (NF) regime provide new degrees of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Peng Zhang , Jian Dang , Miaowen Wen , Ziyang Liu , Chen Zhao , Huaifeng Shi , Chengsheng Pan , Zaichen Zhang

While multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technologies continue to advance, concerns arise as to how MIMO can remain scalable if more users are to be accommodated with an increasing number of antennas at the base station (BS) in the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-03 Yuanjun Shen , Boyi Tang , Shuai Gao , Kin-Fai Tong , Hang Wong , Kai-Kit Wong , Yangyang Zhang

The position-fluid antenna (PFA) architecture has become one of the appealing technologies to support ubiquitous connectivity demand in next-generation wireless systems. Specifically, allowing the antenna to adjust its physical position to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Heyin Shen , Chong Han , Hao Liu , Tao Yang

In this letter, we study the energy efficiency maximization problem for a fluid antenna system (FAS) in near field communications. Specifically, we consider a point-to-point near-field system where the base station (BS) transmitter has…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-26 Yixuan Chen , Mingzhe Chen , Hao Xu , Zhaohui Yang , Kai-Kit Wong , Zhaoyang Zhang

Enormous fluid antenna systems (E-FAS), the system concept that utilizes position reconfigurability in the large scale, have emerged as a new architectural paradigm where intelligent surfaces are repurposed from passive smart reflectors…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Farshad Rostami Ghadi , Kai-Kit Wong , Masoud Kaveh , Wee Kiat New , Chan-Byoung Chae , Lajos Hanzo

Interference and scattering, often deemed undesirable, are inevitable in wireless communications, especially when the current mobile networks and upcoming sixth generation (6G) have turned into ultra-dense networks. Current approaches…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-02-10 Baiyang Liu , Kin-Fai Tong , Kai-Kit Wong , Chan-Byoung Chae , Hang Wong

With the surging demand for ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ubiquitous connectivity in Sixth-Generation (6G) networks, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs) emerge as a key complement to terrestrial networks by offering flexible access and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Tianheng Xu , Runke Fan , Jie Zhu , Pei Peng , Xianfu Chen , Qingqing Wu , Ming Jiang , Celimuge Wu , Dusit Niyato , Kai-Kit Wong

Fluid antenna systems (FASs) are emerging as a reconfigurable-aperture technology that expands physical-layer design beyond fixed, rigid antenna geometries. While the \emph{fading diversity} of FASs -- which exploits spatial channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Zhentian Zhang , Jingyuan Xu , Kai-Kit Wong , Hao Jiang , Zaichen Zhang , Hyundong Shin

Owing to its flexible and intelligent electromagnetic signal manipulation, the technology of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) has attracted widespread attention. However, the potential of current RISs can only be partly unlocked…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Han Xiao , Xiaoyan Hu , Kai-Kit Wong , Xusheng Zhu , Hanjiang Hong , Farshad Rostami Ghadi , Hao Xu , Chan-Byoung Chae

The fluid antenna system (FAS) has emerged as a new physical-layer concept to provide enhanced propagation conditions for multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications over conventional fixed arrays. This work focuses on…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-16 Wenxuan Sun , Mingjie Shao , Luteng Zhu , Yao Ge , Tong Zhang , Zhi Liu

The fluid antenna system (FAS) concept is an emerging paradigm that promotes the utilization of the feature of shape and position reconfigurability in antennas to broaden the design of wireless communication systems. This also means that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Xusheng Zhu , Kai-Kit Wong , Hao Xu , Han Xiao , Hanjiang Hong , Hyundong Shin , Yangyang Zhang

This paper introduces a fluid antenna system (FAS) into reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) assisted non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) communication networks, where the non-orthogonal users are equipped with planar fluid antennas.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xinwei Yue , He Geng , Jingjing Zhao , Xianli Gong , Aryan Kaushik , Arumugam Nallanathan

As wireless communication systems continue to grow rapidly, high-performance antennas become increasingly crucial for expanding coverage, improving capacity, and enhancing transmission quality. In light of this, research has focused…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-22 Sasmita Dash , Constantinos Psomas , Ioannis Krikidis

As an emerging antenna technology, a fluid antenna system (FAS) enhances spatial diversity to improve both sensing and communication performance by shifting the active antennas among available ports. In this letter, we study the potential…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-12 Jiaqi Zou , Hao Xu , Chao Wang , Lvxin Xu , Songlin Sun , Kaitao Meng , Christos Masouros , Kai-Kit Wong