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Multimodal retrieval systems typically employ Vision Language Models (VLMs) that encode images and text independently into vectors within a shared embedding space. Despite incorporating text encoders, VLMs consistently underperform…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Xinyuan Zhang , Lina Zhang , Lisung Chen , Guangyao Liu , Shuai Nie , Jiaming Xu , Runyu Shi , Ying Huang , Guoquan Zhang

Cross-modal retrieval is essential for interpreting cultural heritage data, but its effectiveness is often limited by incomplete or inconsistent textual descriptions, caused by historical data loss and the high cost of expert annotation.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Jian Zhang , Junyi Guo , Junyi Yuan , Huanda Lu , Yanlin Zhou , Fangyu Wu , Qiufeng Wang , Dongming Lu

Multimodal Recommender Systems aim to improve recommendation accuracy by integrating heterogeneous content, such as images and textual metadata. While effective, it remains unclear whether their gains stem from true multimodal understanding…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Claudio Pomo , Matteo Attimonelli , Danilo Danese , Fedelucio Narducci , Tommaso Di Noia

This paper presents Universal Vision-Language Dense Retrieval (UniVL-DR), which builds a unified model for multi-modal retrieval. UniVL-DR encodes queries and multi-modality resources in an embedding space for searching candidates from…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Zhenghao Liu , Chenyan Xiong , Yuanhuiyi Lv , Zhiyuan Liu , Ge Yu

The rising importance of 3D understanding, pivotal in computer vision, autonomous driving, and robotics, is evident. However, a prevailing trend, which straightforwardly resorted to transferring 2D alignment strategies to the 3D domain,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Jiayi Ji , Haowei Wang , Changli Wu , Yiwei Ma , Xiaoshuai Sun , Rongrong Ji

Until recently, the number of public real-world text images was insufficient for training scene text recognizers. Therefore, most modern training methods rely on synthetic data and operate in a fully supervised manner. Nevertheless, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Aviad Aberdam , Roy Ganz , Shai Mazor , Ron Litman

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to access legal information. Yet, their deployment in multilingual legal settings is constrained by unreliable retrieval and the lack of domain-adapted, open-embedding models. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Narges Baba Ahmadi , Jan Strich , Martin Semmann , Chris Biemann

AI is transforming pharmaceutical search, where traditional systems struggle with multimodal content and manual curation. Finder is a scalable AI-powered framework that unifies retrieval across text, images, audio, and video using hybrid…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Suyash Mishra , Srikanth Patil , Satyanarayan Pati , Sagar Sahu , Baddu Narendra

Multimodal deep search agents have shown great potential in solving complex tasks by iteratively collecting textual and visual evidence. However, managing the heterogeneous information and high token costs associated with multimodal inputs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yifan Du , Zikang Liu , Jinbiao Peng , Jie Wu , Junyi Li , Jinyang Li , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

Multi-modal reasoning systems rely on a pre-trained object detector to extract regions of interest from the image. However, this crucial module is typically used as a black box, trained independently of the downstream task and on a fixed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Aishwarya Kamath , Mannat Singh , Yann LeCun , Gabriel Synnaeve , Ishan Misra , Nicolas Carion

Multimodality Representation Learning, as a technique of learning to embed information from different modalities and their correlations, has achieved remarkable success on a variety of applications, such as Visual Question Answering (VQA),…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Muhammad Arslan Manzoor , Sarah Albarri , Ziting Xian , Zaiqiao Meng , Preslav Nakov , Shangsong Liang

Dense retrieval has shown great success in passage ranking in English. However, its effectiveness in document retrieval for non-English languages remains unexplored due to the limitation in training resources. In this work, we explore…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Peng Shi , Rui Zhang , He Bai , Jimmy Lin

Large language models equipped with retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) represent a burgeoning field aimed at enhancing answering capabilities by leveraging external knowledge bases. Although the application of RAG with language-only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Cheng Tan , Jingxuan Wei , Linzhuang Sun , Zhangyang Gao , Siyuan Li , Bihui Yu , Ruifeng Guo , Stan Z. Li

Pretrained multilingual text encoders based on neural Transformer architectures, such as multilingual BERT (mBERT) and XLM, have achieved strong performance on a myriad of language understanding tasks. Consequently, they have been adopted…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Robert Litschko , Ivan Vulić , Simone Paolo Ponzetto , Goran Glavaš

Recent multimodal models such as DALL-E and CM3 have achieved remarkable progress in text-to-image and image-to-text generation. However, these models store all learned knowledge (e.g., the appearance of the Eiffel Tower) in the model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Michihiro Yasunaga , Armen Aghajanyan , Weijia Shi , Rich James , Jure Leskovec , Percy Liang , Mike Lewis , Luke Zettlemoyer , Wen-tau Yih

The text retrieval is the task of retrieving similar documents to a search query, and it is important to improve retrieval accuracy while maintaining a certain level of retrieval speed. Existing studies have reported accuracy improvements…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Yuichi Sasazawa , Kenichi Yokote , Osamu Imaichi , Yasuhiro Sogawa

Medical image retrieval is essential for clinical decision-making and translational research, relying on discriminative visual representations. Yet, current methods remain fragmented, relying on separate architectures and training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Che Liu , Zheng Jiang , Chengyu Fang , Heng Guo , Yan-Jie Zhou , Jiaqi Qu , Le Lu , Minfeng Xu

Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in recommendation systems. However, the effective application of MLLMs to multimodal sequential recommendation remains unexplored: A)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Haoyu Wang , Yitong Wang , Jining Wang

Connecting text and visual modalities plays an essential role in generative intelligence. For this reason, inspired by the success of large language models, significant research efforts are being devoted to the development of Multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Davide Caffagni , Federico Cocchi , Luca Barsellotti , Nicholas Moratelli , Sara Sarto , Lorenzo Baraldi , Lorenzo Baraldi , Marcella Cornia , Rita Cucchiara

Automated retinal image medical description generation is crucial for streamlining medical diagnosis and treatment planning. Existing challenges include the reliance on learned retinal image representations, difficulties in handling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Nagur Shareef Shaik , Teja Krishna Cherukuri , Dong Hye Ye
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