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Accurate, fast, and reliable multiclass classification of electroencephalography (EEG) signals is a challenging task towards the development of motor imagery brain-computer interface (MI-BCI) systems. We propose enhancements to different…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-12-14 Michael Hersche , Tino Rellstab , Pasquale Davide Schiavone , Lukas Cavigelli , Luca Benini , Abbas Rahimi

Electroencephalography (EEG) plays a vital role in recording brain activities and is integral to the development of brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies. However, the limited availability and high variability of EEG signals present…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-16 Joshua Park , Priyanshu Mahey , Ore Adeniyi

Visual decoding from electroencephalography (EEG) has emerged as a highly promising avenue for non-invasive brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Existing EEG-based decoding methods predominantly align brain signals with the final-layer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jingyi Tang , Shuai Jiang , Fei Su , Zhicheng Zhao

Exploring brain activity in relation to visual perception provides insights into the biological representation of the world. While functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) have enabled effective image…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Shuqi Zhu , Ziyi Ye , Qingyao Ai , Yiqun Liu

This paper presents a systematic literature review on Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) in the context of Machine Learning. Our focus is on Electroencephalography (EEG) research, highlighting the latest trends as of 2023. The objective is to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Nathan Koome Murungi , Michael Vinh Pham , Xufeng Dai , Xiaodong Qu

The brain computer interface (BCI) systems are utilized for transferring information among humans and computers by analyzing electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings.The process of mentally previewing a motor movement without generating the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Nuri Korkan , Tamer Olmez , Zumray Dokur

Brain computer interfaces (BCI) depend on reliable realtime detection of conscious EEG changes for example to control a video game. However, scalp recordings are contaminated with non-stationary noise, such as facial muscle activity and eye…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-04 Bernd Porr , Lucía Muñoz Bohollo

The ability to perceive and recognize objects is fundamental for the interaction with the external environment. Studies that investigate them and their relationship with brain activity changes have been increasing due to the possible…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-31 Jenifer Kalafatovich , Minji Lee , Seong-Whan Lee

The non-stationary nature of electroencephalography (EEG) signals makes an EEG-based brain-computer interface (BCI) a dynamic system, thus improving its performance is a challenging task. In addition, it is well-known that due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-04 Haider Raza , Dheeraj Rathee , ShangMing Zhou , Hubert Cecotti , Girijesh Prasad

Effectively learning the temporal dynamics in electroencephalogram (EEG) signals is challenging yet essential for decoding brain activities using brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Although Transformers are popular for their long-term…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-30 Yi Ding , Yong Li , Hao Sun , Rui Liu , Chengxuan Tong , Chenyu Liu , Xinliang Zhou , Cuntai Guan

A brain-computer interface (BCI) enables direct communication between the brain and an external device. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is the preferred input signal in non-invasive BCIs, due to its convenience and low cost. EEG-based BCIs have…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Lubin Meng , Xue Jiang , Tianwang Jia , Dongrui Wu

Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning to predict cognitive tasks from electroencephalography (EEG) signals has been a fast-developing area in Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI). However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, data collection and…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Zheng Zhou , Guangyao Dou , Xiaodong Qu

Non-invasive Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) offer a safe and accessible means of connecting the human brain to external devices, with broad applications in home and clinical settings to enhance human capabilities. However, the high noise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Jiamin Wu , Zichen Ren , Junyu Wang , Pengyu Zhu , Yonghao Song , Mianxin Liu , Qihao Zheng , Lei Bai , Wanli Ouyang , Chunfeng Song

Humans possess a remarkable capacity for spatial cognition, allowing for self-localization even in novel or unfamiliar environments. While hippocampal neurons encoding position and orientation are well documented, the large-scale neural…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-17 Weichen Dai , Yuxuan Huang , Li Zhu , Dongjun Liu , Yu Zhang , Qibin Zhao , Andrzej Cichocki , Fabio Babiloni , Ke Li , Jianyu Qiu , Gangyong Jia , Wanzeng Kong , Qing Wu

There have been different reports of developing Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) platforms to investigate the noninvasive electroencephalography (EEG) signals associated with plan-to-grasp tasks in humans. However, these reports were unable…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-07 Anna Cetera , Ali Rabiee , Sima Ghafoori , Reza Abiri

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer a pathway to restore communication for individuals with severe motor or speech impairments. Imagined handwriting provides an intuitive paradigm for character-level neural decoding, bridging the gap…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-24 Ovishake Sen , Raghav Soni , Darpan Virmani , Akshar Parekh , Patrick Lehman , Sarthak Jena , Adithi Katikhaneni , Adam Khalifa , Baibhab Chatterjee

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) with speech decoding from brain recordings have broad application potential in fields such as clinical rehabilitation and cognitive neuroscience. However, current decoding methods remain limited to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-05 Yi Guo , Yihang Dong , Michael Kwok-Po Ng , Shuqiang Wang

In this study, we illustrate the progress of BCI research and present scores of unveiled contemporary approaches. First, we explore a decoding natural speech approach that is designed to decode human speech directly from the human brain…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-15 Md Jobair Hossain Faruk , Maria Valero , Hossain Shahriar

We present a new large-scale electroencephalography (EEG) dataset as part of the THINGS initiative, comprising over 1.6 million visual stimulus trials collected from 20 participants, and totaling more than twice the size of the most popular…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-28 Jonathan Xu , Ugo Bruzadin Nunes , Wangshu Jiang , Samuel Ryther , Jordan Pringle , Paul S. Scotti , Arnaud Delorme , Reese Kneeland

EEG-based analysis of pain perception, enhanced by machine learning, reveals how the brain encodes pain by identifying neural patterns evoked by noxious stimulation. However, a major challenge that remains is the generalization of machine…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-19 Mathis Rezzouk , Fabrice Gagnon , Alyson Champagne , Mathieu Roy , Philippe Albouy , Michel-Pierre Coll , Cem Subakan