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The electroencephalogram (EEG) is the most widely used input for brain computer interfaces (BCIs), and common spatial pattern (CSP) is frequently used to spatially filter it to increase its signal-to-noise ratio. However, CSP is a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-08-20 He He , Dongrui Wu

The brain computer interface (BCI) is a nonstimulatory direct and occasionally bidirectional communication link between the brain and a computer or an external device. Classically, EEG-based BCI algorithms have relied on models such as…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-19 Andrea Duggento , Mario De Lorenzo , Stefano Bargione , Allegra Conti , Vincenzo Catrambone , Gaetano Valenza , Nicola Toschi

The significant inter-subject variability in electroen-cephalogram (EEG) signals often results in substantial changes to neural network weights as data distributions shift. This variability frequently causes catastrophic forgetting in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-26 Dan Li , Hye-Bin Shin , Kang Yin , Seong-Whan Lee

Brain computer interfaces (BCI) enable direct communication with a computer, using neural activity as the control signal. This neural signal is generally chosen from a variety of well-studied electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. For a given…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-28 Vernon J. Lawhern , Amelia J. Solon , Nicholas R. Waytowich , Stephen M. Gordon , Chou P. Hung , Brent J. Lance

Electroencephalography (EEG) has become one of the key modalities underpinning brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) due to its high temporal resolution, rapid responsiveness, non-invasiveness, low cost, and portability. However, EEG signals are…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-17 Yihang Dong , Changhong Jing , Shuqiang Wang

Deep learning models have been frequently used to decode a single brain-computer interface (BCI) paradigm based on electroencephalography (EEG). It is challenging to decode multiple BCI paradigms using one model due to diverse barriers,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-11 Jingyuan Wang , Junhua Li

Researchers have reported high decoding accuracy (>95%) using non-invasive Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals for brain-computer interface (BCI) decoding tasks like image decoding, emotion recognition, auditory spatial attention detection,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-17 Xiran Xu , Bo Wang , Boda Xiao , Yadong Niu , Yiwen Wang , Xihong Wu , Jing Chen

Brain computer interface (BCI) research, as well as increasing portions of the field of neuroscience, have found success deploying large-scale artificial intelligence (AI) pre-training methods in conjunction with vast public repositories of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-03 Mattson Ogg , Rahul Hingorani , Diego Luna , Griffin W. Milsap , William G. Coon , Clara A. Scholl

Intracranial EEG (iEEG) recording, characterized by high spatial and temporal resolution and superior signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), enables the development of precise brain-computer interface (BCI) systems for neural decoding. However, the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Maryam Ostadsharif Memar , Navid Ziaei , Behzad Nazari

Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology establishes a direct communication pathway between the brain and external devices. Current visual BCI systems suffer from insufficient information transfer rates (ITRs) for practical use. Spatial…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Gege Ming , Weihua Pei , Sen Tian , Xiaogang Chen , Xiaorong Gao , Yijun Wang

Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology enables direct communication between the brain and external devices through electroencephalography (EEG) signals. However, existing decoding models often mix common and personalized components,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-21 Xiaoyuan Li , Xinru Xue , Bohan Zhang , Ye Sun , Shoushuo Xi , Gang Liu

Understanding and decoding brain activity from electroencephalography (EEG) signals is a fundamental challenge in neuroscience and AI, with applications in cognition, emotion recognition, diagnosis, and brain-computer interfaces. While…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Yuchen Zhou , Jiamin Wu , Zichen Ren , Zhouheng Yao , Weiheng Lu , Kunyu Peng , Qihao Zheng , Chunfeng Song , Wanli Ouyang , Chao Gou

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a non-invasive technique to measure and record brain electrical activity, widely used in various BCI and healthcare applications. Early EEG decoding methods rely on supervised learning, limited by specific…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-07 Jiquan Wang , Sha Zhao , Zhiling Luo , Yangxuan Zhou , Haiteng Jiang , Shijian Li , Tao Li , Gang Pan

Electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) play important and complementary roles in non-invasive brain-computer interface (BCI) decoding. However, compared to the low cost and portability of EEG, MEG is more expensive…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-10 Zhuo Li , Shuqiang Wang

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are frequently used in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), but they are easily contaminated by artifacts and noises, so preprocessing must be done before they are fed into a machine learning algorithm for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Dongrui Wu , Jung-Tai King , Chun-Hsiang Chuang , Chin-Teng Lin , Tzyy-Ping Jung

Speech-related Brain Computer Interfaces (BCI) aim primarily at finding an alternative vocal communication pathway for people with speaking disabilities. As a step towards full decoding of imagined speech from active thoughts, we present a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-10 Pramit Saha , Muhammad Abdul-Mageed , Sidney Fels

Objective. This study conduct an extensive Brain-computer interfaces (BCI) reproducibility analysis on open electroencephalography datasets, aiming to assess existing solutions and establish open and reproducible benchmarks for effective…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-25 Sylvain Chevallier , Igor Carrara , Bruno Aristimunha , Pierre Guetschel , Sara Sedlar , Bruna Lopes , Sebastien Velut , Salim Khazem , Thomas Moreau

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a neuroimaging technique that records brain neural activity with high temporal resolution. Unlike other methods, EEG does not require prohibitively expensive equipment and can be easily set up using…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Arash Akbarinia

Motor imagery electroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer significant advantages for individuals with restricted limb mobility. However, challenges such as low signal-to-noise ratio and limited spatial resolution…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Xicheng Lou , Xinwei Li , Hongying Meng , Jun Hu , Meili Xu , Yue Zhao , Jiazhang Yang , Zhangyong Li

Riemannian geometry has been applied to Brain Computer Interface (BCI) for brain signals classification yielding promising results. Studying electroencephalographic (EEG) signals from their associated covariance matrices allows a mitigation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Emmanuel K. Kalunga , Sylvain Chevallier , Quentin Barthelemy