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Symbolic music analysis tasks are often performed by models originally developed for Natural Language Processing, such as Transformers. Such models require the input data to be represented as sequences, which is achieved through a process…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Dinh-Viet-Toan Le , Louis Bigo , Mikaela Keller

We propose a transformer-based rhythm quantization model that incorporates beat and downbeat information to quantize MIDI performances into metrically-aligned, human-readable scores. We propose a beat-based preprocessing method that…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Maximilian Wachter , Sebastian Murgul , Michael Heizmann

Beat tracking in musical performance MIDI is a challenging and important task for notation-level music transcription and rhythmical analysis, yet existing methods primarily focus on audio-based approaches. This paper proposes an end-to-end…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Sebastian Murgul , Michael Heizmann

To apply neural sequence models such as the Transformers to music generation tasks, one has to represent a piece of music by a sequence of tokens drawn from a finite set of pre-defined vocabulary. Such a vocabulary usually involves tokens…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Wen-Yi Hsiao , Jen-Yu Liu , Yin-Cheng Yeh , Yi-Hsuan Yang

Predicting the difficulty of playing a musical score is essential for structuring and exploring score collections. Despite its importance for music education, the automatic difficulty classification of piano scores is not yet solved, mainly…

In this paper, we introduce Jointist, an instrument-aware multi-instrument framework that is capable of transcribing, recognizing, and separating multiple musical instruments from an audio clip. Jointist consists of the instrument…

Expressive speech synthesis, like audiobook synthesis, is still challenging for style representation learning and prediction. Deriving from reference audio or predicting style tags from text requires a huge amount of labeled data, which is…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Yihan Wu , Xi Wang , Shaofei Zhang , Lei He , Ruihua Song , Jian-Yun Nie

We are interested in the task of generating multi-instrumental music scores. The Transformer architecture has recently shown great promise for the task of piano score generation; here we adapt it to the multi-instrumental setting.…

Generative models of expressive piano performance are usually assessed by comparing their predictions to a reference human performance. A generative algorithm is taken to be better than competing ones if it produces performances that are…

Automatic music transcription (AMT), aiming to convert musical signals into musical notation, is one of the important tasks in music information retrieval. Recently, previous works have applied high-resolution labels, i.e., the continuous…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Jinyi Mi , Sehun Kim , Tomoki Toda

Rhythm transcription is a key subtask of notation-level Automatic Music Transcription (AMT). While deep learning models have been extensively used for detecting the metrical grid in audio and MIDI performances, beat-based rhythm…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Maximilian Wachter , Sebastian Murgul , Michael Heizmann

This paper introduces a novel method for emulating piano sounds. We propose to exploit the sines, transient, and noise decomposition to design a differentiable spectral modeling synthesizer replicating piano notes. Three sub-modules learn…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Riccardo Simionato , Stefano Fasciani

Unpaired medical image synthesis aims to provide complementary information for an accurate clinical diagnostics, and address challenges in obtaining aligned multi-modal medical scans. Transformer-based models excel in imaging translation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Vu Minh Hieu Phan , Yutong Xie , Bowen Zhang , Yuankai Qi , Zhibin Liao , Antonios Perperidis , Son Lam Phung , Johan W. Verjans , Minh-Son To

Transformer-based models achieve favorable performance in artistic style transfer recently thanks to its global receptive field and powerful multi-head/layer attention operations. Nevertheless, the over-paramerized multi-layer structure…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Hao Tang , Songhua Liu , Tianwei Lin , Shaoli Huang , Fu Li , Dongliang He , Xinchao Wang

Transformers and variational autoencoders (VAE) have been extensively employed for symbolic (e.g., MIDI) domain music generation. While the former boast an impressive capability in modeling long sequences, the latter allow users to…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Shih-Lun Wu , Yi-Hsuan Yang

Automatic Music Transcription (AMT) is a vital technology in the field of music information processing. Despite recent enhancements in performance due to machine learning techniques, current methods typically attain high accuracy in domains…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Gakusei Sato , Taketo Akama

Music relies heavily on repetition to build structure and meaning. Self-reference occurs on multiple timescales, from motifs to phrases to reusing of entire sections of music, such as in pieces with ABA structure. The Transformer (Vaswani…

In this study, we present a novel automatic piano reduction method with semi-supervised machine learning. Piano reduction is an important music transformation process, which helps musicians and composers as a musical sketch for performances…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Wan Ki Wong , Ka Ho To , Chuck-jee Chau , Lucas Wong , Kevin Y. Yip , Irwin King

We present a statistical-modelling method for piano reduction, i.e. converting an ensemble score into piano scores, that can control performance difficulty. While previous studies have focused on describing the condition for playable piano…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-10-26 Eita Nakamura , Kazuyoshi Yoshii

Mastering is an essential step in music production, but it is also a challenging task that has to go through the hands of experienced audio engineers, where they adjust tone, space, and volume of a song. Remastering follows the same…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-18 Junghyun Koo , Seungryeol Paik , Kyogu Lee