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Recent theory predicted that the Quantum Spin Hall Effect, a fundamentally novel quantum state of matter that exists at zero external magnetic field, may be realized in HgTe/(Hg,Cd)Te quantum wells. We have fabricated such sample structures…

Spin Hall effects are a collection of phenomena, resulting from spin-orbit coupling, in which an electrical current flowing through a sample can lead to spin transport in a perpendicular direction and spin accumulation at lateral…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-09-18 Hans-Andreas Engel , Emmanuel I. Rashba , Bertrand I. Halperin

Nonreciprocal superconductivity, also called as superconducting diode effect that spontaneously breaks time-reversal symmetry, is characterized by asymmetric critical currents under opposite applied current directions. This distinct state…

We study the spin-dependent transmission through interfaces between a HgTe/CdTe quantum well (QW) and a metal - both for the normal metal and the superconducting case. Interestingly, we discover a new type of spin Hall effect at these…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 M. Guigou , P. Recher , J. Cayssol , B. Trauzettel

We theoretically study the superconducting diode effect in a three-terminal Josephson junction. The diode effect in superconducting systems is typically related to the presence of a difference in the critical currents for currents flowing…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-08-07 Jorge Huamani Correa , Michal P. Nowak

Nonreciprocal transport phenomena have attracted much attention in modern condensed matter physics. In the field of superconductivity, the superconducting diode effect (SDE) has been one of the central topics. Recent theoretical studies for…

Superconductivity · Physics 2022-12-20 Yuhei Ikeda , Akito Daido , Youichi Yanase

A Josephson diode is a superconducting circuit element that enables non-reciprocal transport, allowing a dissipationless supercurrent to preferentially flow in a single direction. Existing methods for achieving the required symmetry…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-03-11 David Scheer , Rubén Seoane Souto , Fabian Hassler , Jeroen Danon

We describe a new effect in semiconductor spintronics that leads to dissipationless spin-currents in paramagnetic spin-orbit coupled systems. We argue that in a high mobility two-dimensional electron system with substantial Rashba…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Jairo Sinova , Dimitrie Culcer , Q. Niu , N. A. Sinitsyn , T. Jungwirth , A. H. MacDonald

The significance of the superconducting diode effect lies in its potential application as a fundamental component in the development of next-generation superconducting circuit technology. The stringent operating conditions at low…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-02-27 Yiwen Zhang , Jiliang Cai , Peng Dong , Jiadian He , Yifan Ding , Jinghui Wang , Xiang Zhou , Kecheng Cao , Yueshen Wu , Jun Li

We consider the spin-orbit-induced spin Hall effect and spin swapping in diffusive superconductors. By employing the non-equilibrium Keldysh Green's function technique in the quasiclassical approximation, we derive coupled transport…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-02-22 Camilla Espedal , Peter Lange , Severin Sadjina , A. G. Mal'shukov , Arne Brataas

The generation, manipulation and detection of spin-polarized electrons in nanostructures define the main challenges of spin-based electronics[1]. Amongst the different approaches for spin generation and manipulation, spin-orbit coupling,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Sergio O. Valenzuela , M. Tinkham

Diodes have a nonreciprocal voltage versus current relationship, produced by breaking the space and time reversal symmetry. However, developing high-end superconducting computers requires a superconducting analogue of the traditional…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-10-03 Cliff Sun , Ziqi Zhao , Alexey Bezryadin

We calculate the anomalous Hall conductance of superconductors with spin-orbit interaction and with either uniform or local magnetization. In the first case we consider a uniform ferromagnetic ordering in a spin triplet superconductor,…

Superconductivity · Physics 2015-06-03 P. D. Sacramento , M. A. N. Araujo , V. R. Vieira , V. K. Dugaev , J. Barnas

The supercurrent diode effect (SDE), characterized by nonreciprocal critical currents, represents a promising building block for future dissipationless electronics and quantum circuits. Realizing SDE requires breaking both time-reversal and…

Recent theories predict dissipationless spin current induced by an electric field in doped semiconductors. Nevertheless, the charge current is still dissipative in these systems. In this work, we theoretically predict the dissipationless…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Shuichi Murakami , Naoto Nagaosa , Shou-Cheng Zhang

The superconducting diode is an emergent device that juggles between the Cooper-paired state and the resistive state with unpaired quasiparticles. Here, we report a quantum version of the superconducting diode, which operates solely between…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-09-30 Heng Wang , Yuying Zhu , Zhonghua Bai , Zhaozheng Lyu , Jiangang Yang , Lin Zhao , X. J. Zhou , Genda Gu , Qi-Kun Xue , Ding Zhang

We present a general mechanism for large charge and spin Josephson diode effects in strongly spin-polarized superconductor-ferromagnet hybrid structures with a noncoplanar spin texture, formulated in terms of quantum-geometric phases. We…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-11-03 Niklas L. Schulz , Danilo Nikolić , Matthias Eschrig

We explore the phases exhibited by an interacting quantum spin Hall edge state in the presence of finite chemical potential (applied gate voltage) and spin imbalance (applied magnetic field). We find that the helical nature of the edge…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-06-03 Qinglei Meng , Taylor L. Hughes , Matthew J. Gilbert , Smitha Vishveshwara

Superconductor/semiconductor hybrid devices have attracted increasing interest in the past years. Superconducting electronics aims to complement semiconductor technology, while hybrid architectures are at the forefront of new ideas such as…

A general principle of condensed matter physics prohibits the electric current in equilibrium. This prevents a zero-resistance state realized solely under a finite electric current, namely unidirectional superconductivity. In this paper, we…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-01-14 Akito Daido , Youichi Yanase