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We derive an augmented Krylov subspace method with subspace recycling for computing a sequence of matrix function applications on a set of vectors. The matrix is either fixed or changes as the sequence progresses. We assume consecutive…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-21 Liam Burke , Andreas Frommer , Gustavo Ramirez-Hidalgo , Kirk M. Soodhalter

We examine the problem of estimating the trace of a matrix $A$ when given access to an oracle which computes $x^\dagger A x$ for an input vector $x$. We make use of the basis vectors from a set of mutually unbiased bases, widely studied in…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2016-08-02 J. K. Fitzsimons , M. A. Osborne , S. J. Roberts , J. F. Fitzsimons

Monte Carlo matrix trace estimation is a popular randomized technique to estimate the trace of implicitly-defined matrices via averaging quadratic forms across several observations of a random vector. The most common approach to analyze the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-23 Lior Horesh , Vasileios Kalantzis , Yingdong Lu , Tomasz Nowicki

We give an efficient algorithm which can obtain a relative error approximation to the spectral norm of a matrix, combining the power iteration method with some techniques from matrix reconstruction which use random sampling.

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-04-13 Malik Magdon-Ismail

When dealing with difficult inverse problems such as inverse rendering, using Monte Carlo estimated gradients to optimise parameters can slow down convergence due to variance. Averaging many gradient samples in each iteration reduces this…

Graphics · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Martin Balint , Karol Myszkowski , Hans-Peter Seidel , Gurprit Singh

Variance reduction is a family of powerful mechanisms for stochastic optimization that appears to be helpful in many machine learning tasks. It is based on estimating the exact gradient with some recursive sequences. Previously, many papers…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-07 Aleksandr Shestakov , Valery Parfenov , Aleksandr Beznosikov

We present randomized algorithms for estimating the trace and deter- minant of Hermitian positive semi-definite matrices. The algorithms are based on subspace iteration, and access the matrix only through matrix vector products. We analyse…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-02-17 Arvind K. Saibaba , Alen Alexanderian , Ilse C. F. Ipsen

Randomized matrix algorithms have become workhorse tools in scientific computing and machine learning. To use these algorithms safely in applications, they should be coupled with posterior error estimates to assess the quality of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-03 Ethan N. Epperly , Joel A. Tropp

This paper describes a suite of algorithms for constructing low-rank approximations of an input matrix from a random linear image of the matrix, called a sketch. These methods can preserve structural properties of the input matrix, such as…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2018-01-03 Joel A. Tropp , Alp Yurtsever , Madeleine Udell , Volkan Cevher

In recent years, non-parametric methods utilizing random walks on graphs have been used to solve a wide range of machine learning problems, but in their simplest form they do not scale well due to the quadratic complexity. In this paper, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-10-19 Saeed Amizadeh , Bo Thiesson , Milos Hauskrecht

We develop a novel, fundamental and surprisingly simple randomized iterative method for solving consistent linear systems. Our method has six different but equivalent interpretations: sketch-and-project, constrain-and-approximate, random…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-01-07 Robert M. Gower , Peter Richtárik

The statistical shape analysis called Procrustes analysis minimizes the distance between matrices by similarity transformations. The method returns a set of optimal orthogonal matrices, which project each matrix into a common space. This…

Applications · Statistics 2023-01-18 Angela Andreella , Riccardo De Santis , Anna Vesely , Livio Finos

Projected gradient descent and its Riemannian variant belong to a typical class of methods for low-rank matrix estimation. This paper proposes a new Nesterov's Accelerated Riemannian Gradient algorithm by efficient orthographic retraction…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-05 Hongyi Li , Zhen Peng , Chengwei Pan , Di Zhao

We develop a stochastic algorithm for independent component analysis that incorporates multi-trial supervision, which is available in many scientific contexts. The method blends a proximal gradient-type algorithm in the space of invertible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Ronak Mehta , Mateus Piovezan Otto , Noah Stanis , Azadeh Yazdan-Shahmorad , Zaid Harchaoui

Stochastic trace estimation is a well-established tool for approximating the trace of a large symmetric matrix $\boldsymbol{B}$. Several applications involve a matrix that depends continuously on a parameter $t \in [a,b]$, and require trace…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-23 Fabio Matti , Haoze He , Daniel Kressner , Hei Yin Lam

This note gives a simple analysis of a randomized approximation scheme for matrix multiplication proposed by Sarlos (2006) based on a random rotation followed by uniform column sampling. The result follows from a matrix version of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-11-26 Daniel Hsu , Sham M. Kakade , Tong Zhang

The trace regression model, a direct extension of the well-studied linear regression model, allows one to map matrices to real-valued outputs. We here introduce an even more general model, namely the partial-trace regression model, a family…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Hachem Kadri , Stéphane Ayache , Riikka Huusari , Alain Rakotomamonjy , Liva Ralaivola

In this paper we consider the trace regression model. Assume that we observe a small set of entries or linear combinations of entries of an unknown matrix $A_0$ corrupted by noise. We propose a new rank penalized estimator of $A_0$. For…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-09-14 Olga Klopp

The XTR (conteXtual Token Retrieval) algorithm is a modification to ColBERT retrieval that avoids the costly step of fully gathering and reranking the candidates' embeddings by imputing their missing similarity scores from the initial token…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Rohan Jha , Reno Kriz , Benjamin Van Durme

The problem of approximating a matrix by a low-rank one has been extensively studied. This problem assumes, however, that the whole matrix has a low-rank structure. This assumption is often false for real-world matrices. We consider the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Martino Ciaperoni , Aristides Gionis , Heikki Mannila