Related papers: Explicit and covariant formula for thermodynamic v…
In a theory where the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ or the gauge coupling constant $g$ arises as the vacuum expectation value, its variation should be included in the first law of thermodynamics for black holes. This becomes $dE= TdS +…
The early literature on black hole thermodynamics ignored the $P$-$V$ term associated with the existence of a fundamental physical constant in the black hole solution. The inclusion of this constant in the first law becomes inconsistent…
We continue to explore the scaling transformation in the reduced action formalism of gravity models. As an extension of our construction, we consider the extended forms of the Smarr relation for various black holes, adopting the…
When the cosmological constant, $\Lambda$, is interpreted as a thermodynamic variable in the study of black hole thermodynamics a very rich structure emerges. It is natural to interpret $\Lambda$ as a pressure and define the…
The first law of black hole thermodynamics in the presence of a cosmological constant $\Lambda$ can be generalized by introducing a term containing the variation $\delta\Lambda$. Similar to other terms in the first law, which are variations…
We review recent developments on the thermodynamics of black holes in extended phase space, where the cosmological constant is interpreted as thermodynamic pressure and treated as a thermodynamic variable in its own right. In this approach,…
The mass of a black hole is interpreted, in terms of thermodynamic potentials, as being the enthalpy, with the pressure given by the cosmological constant. The volume is then defined as being the Legendre transform of the pressure and the…
In this paper, we study thermodynamics and its applications of a family of static charged dilaton black holes in 2+1 dimensions found by Chan and Mann \cite{Chan:1994qa} and Xu \cite{Xu:2019pap}. There is a dimensionless parameter $N$ in…
Inspired by the recent studies on the thermodynamics of AdS black holes in the restricted phase space formalism, we propose a similar formalism for the thermodynamics of non-AdS black holes with variable Newton constant. It is shown that,…
We show that the Hawking--Bekenstein entropy formula is modified by a factor of $8/3$ if one also considers a work term in the 1st law of thermodynamics by a pressure stemming from the Hawking radiation. We give an intuitive definition for…
Experiments show that all the derivatives of the thermo-physical variables are nearly constant. The constant value of the derivatives indicates linear relationship between the variables. Neither the volume coefficient of thermal expansion…
The extended black hole thermodynamics in which the cosmological constant plays the role of pressure significantly enriches the phase structure of the theory. In order to understand the extended black hole thermodynamics more precisely, we…
In recent years, there has been significant interest in the field of extended black hole thermodynamics, where the cosmological constant and/or other coupling parameters are treated as thermodynamic variables. Drawing inspiration from the…
We show that classical thermodynamics has a formulation in terms of Hamilton-Jacobi theory, analogous to mechanics. Even though the thermodynamic variables come in conjugate pairs such as pressure/volume or temperature/entropy, the phase…
The thermodynamics of the BTZ black holes are revisited with variable Newton constant. A new pair of conjugated variables, the central charge $C$ and the chemical potential $\mu$, is introduced as thermodynamic variables. The first law of…
Both black hole thermodynamics and finite volume effects in quantum field theory violate the null energy condition. Motivated by this, we compare thermodynamic features between two $1+1$-dimensional systems: (i) a scalar field confined to a…
The thermodynamics of black holes is discussed for the case, when the Newton constant $G$ is not a constant, but is the thermodynamic variable. This gives for the first law of the Schwarzschild black hole thermodynamics: $dS_\text{BH}= -AdK…
This paper deals with the thermodynamical properties of black hole formulated in Einstein theory of relativity and associated with a nonlinear electromagnetic field. The transition of the black hole is analyzed using the parameters mass,…
We consider the thermodynamics of rotating and charged asymptotically de Sitter black holes. Using Hamiltonian perturbation theory techniques, we derive three different first law relations including variations in the cosmological constant,…
In this paper we will show that using the cosmological constant as a new thermodynamical state variable, the differential and integral mass formulas of the first law of thermodynamics for asymptotic flat spacetimes can be extended to (2+1)…