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The preparation of the ground state of a Hamiltonian $H$ with a large spectral radius has applications in many areas such as electronic structure theory and quantum field theory. Given an initial state with a constant overlap with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-05 Yulong Dong , Lin Lin

Hybrid oscillator-qubit processors have recently demonstrated high-fidelity control of both continuous- and discrete-variable information processing. However, most of the quantum algorithms remain limited to homogeneous quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Jungsoo Hong , Seong Ho Kim , Seung Kyu Min , Joonsuk Huh

Black-box quantum-state preparation is a variant of quantum-state preparation where we want to construct an $n$-qubit state $|\psi_c\rangle \propto \sum_x c(x) |x\rangle$ with the amplitudes $c(x)$ given as a (quantum) oracle. This variant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-04 Lorenzo Laneve

Quantum machine learning (QML) is emerging as an application of quantum computing with the potential to deliver quantum advantage, but its realisation for practical applications remains impeded by challenges. Amongst those, a key barrier is…

Quantum state preparation (QSP) is a fundamental task in quantum computing and quantum information processing. It is critical to the execution of many quantum algorithms, including those in quantum machine learning. In this paper, we…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Xin Hong , Aochu Dai , Chenjian Li , Sanjiang Li , Shenggang Ying , Mingsheng Ying

Quantum state preparation is a critical task in quantum computing, particularly in fields such as quantum machine learning, Hamiltonian simulation, and quantum algorithm design. The depth of preparation circuit for the most general state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-21 Yu Li , Guojing Tian , Xiaoyu He , Xiaoming Sun

We study the problems of state preparation, ground state preparation and quantum state preparation. We propose an analytic approach to a stochastic quantum algorithm which prepares the ground state for $n$-qubit Hamiltonian that is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Taehee Ko , Sungbin Lim

Quantum signal processing (QSP) has emerged as a unifying subroutine in quantum algorithms. In QSP, we are given a function $f$ and a unitary black-box $U$, and the goal is to construct a quantum circuit for implementing $f(U)$ to a given…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-14 Abhijeet Alase

Quantum algorithms require accurate representations of electronic states on a quantum device, yet the approximation of electronic wave functions for strongly correlated systems remains a profound theoretical challenge, with existing methods…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-29 Dipanjali Halder , Dibyendu Mondal , Rahul Maitra

We propose a general scheme for dissipatively preparing arbitrary pure quantum states on a multipartite qubit register in a finite number of basic control blocks. Our "splitting-subspace" approach relies on control resources that are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-19 Giacomo Baggio , Francesco Ticozzi , Lorenza Viola

We propose a scheme for an exact efficient transformation of a tensor product state of many identically prepared qubits into a state of a logarithmically small number of qubits. Using a quadratic number of elementary quantum gates we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-03-31 Martin Plesch , Vladimir Buzek

Quantum state preparation is a fundamental primitive in quantum algorithms for encoding classical data into quantum amplitudes. We compare the cost of preparing general $n$-qubit states with real amplitudes using two common paradigms:…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-20 Diyi Liu , Hanyu Wang , Shuchen Zhu , Jason Cong , Wibe A. de Jong , Di Fang , Zhen Huang , Costin Iancu , Chao Yang

We present an improved version of a quantum amplitude encoding scheme that encodes the $N$ entries of a unit classical vector $\vec{v}=(v_1,..,v_N)$ into the amplitudes of a quantum state. Our approach has a quadratic speed-up with respect…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-01 Vittorio Pagni , Sigurd Huber , Michael Epping , Michael Felderer

We present a low-depth amplitude encoding method for arbitrary quantum state preparation. Building on the foundation of an existing divide-and-conquer algorithm, we propose a method to disentangle the ancillary qubits from the final state.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Roselyn Nmaju , Fiona Speirits , Sarah Croke

Quantum signal processing (QSP) provides a systematic framework for implementing a polynomial transformation of a linear operator, and unifies nearly all known quantum algorithms. In parallel, recent works have developed randomized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-26 John M. Martyn , Patrick Rall

Quantum computing offers potential solutions for finding ground states in condensed-matter physics and chemistry. However, achieving effective ground state preparation is also computationally hard for arbitrary Hamiltonians. It is necessary…

Many quantum states arising in algorithms and physical systems occupy only a small, structured subset of the exponentially large Hilbert space, yet standard quantum state tomography fails to exploit this structure. We present an efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-24 Chi-Kwong Li , Kevin Yipu Wu , Zherui Zhang

The preparation of $n$-qubit quantum states is a cross-cutting subroutine for many quantum algorithms, and the effort to reduce its circuit complexity is a significant challenge. In the literature, the quantum state preparation algorithm by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-09 Giacomo Belli , Michele Amoretti

A common requirement of quantum simulations and algorithms is the preparation of complex states through sequences of 2-qubit gates. For a generic quantum state, the number of gates grows exponentially with the number of qubits, becoming…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Matan Ben Dov , David Shnaiderov , Adi Makmal , Emanuele G. Dalla Torre

A crucial subroutine in quantum computing is to load the classical data of $N$ complex numbers into the amplitude of a superposed $n=\lceil \log_2N\rceil$-qubit state. It has been proven that any algorithm universally implementing this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-13 Xiao-Ming Zhang , Man-Hong Yung , Xiao Yuan