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Despite recent advancements, NLP models continue to be vulnerable to bias. This bias often originates from the uneven distribution of real-world data and can propagate through the annotation process. Escalated integration of these models in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Sabit Hassan , Malihe Alikhani

Large pre-trained sentence encoders like BERT start a new chapter in natural language processing. A common practice to apply pre-trained BERT to sequence classification tasks (e.g., classification of sentences or sentence pairs) is by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Wenxuan Zhou , Junyi Du , Xiang Ren

Active learning (AL) has shown promise for being a particularly data-efficient machine learning approach. Yet, its performance depends on the application and it is not clear when AL practitioners can expect computational savings. Here, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Kunal Ghosh , Milica Todorović , Aki Vehtari , Patrick Rinke

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has boosted the use of Few-Shot Learning (FSL) methods in natural language processing, achieving acceptable performance even when working with limited training data. The goal of FSL is to effectively…

The remarkable advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced the performance in few-shot learning settings. By using only a small number of labeled examples, referred to as demonstrations, LLMs can effectively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Katerina Margatina , Timo Schick , Nikolaos Aletras , Jane Dwivedi-Yu

Recent work targeting large language models (LLMs) for code generation demonstrated that increasing the amount of training data through synthetic code generation often leads to exceptional performance. In this paper we explore data pruning…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Yun-Da Tsai , Mingjie Liu , Haoxing Ren

Collecting high-quality labeled data for model training is notoriously time-consuming and labor-intensive for various NLP tasks. While copious solutions, such as active learning for small language models (SLMs) and prevalent in-context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Ruixuan Xiao , Yiwen Dong , Junbo Zhao , Runze Wu , Minmin Lin , Gang Chen , Haobo Wang

The increasingly Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate stronger language understanding and generation capabilities, while the memory demand and computation cost of fine-tuning LLMs on downstream tasks are non-negligible. Besides,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Ting Hu , Christoph Meinel , Haojin Yang

Transformer language models (TLMs) are critical for most NLP tasks, but they are difficult to create for low-resource languages because of how much pretraining data they require. In this work, we investigate two techniques for training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Luke Gessler , Amir Zeldes

Efforts to leverage deep learning models in low-resource regimes have led to numerous augmentation studies. However, the direct application of methods such as mixup and cutout to text data, is limited due to their discrete characteristics.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Kyohoon Jin , Junho Lee , Juhwan Choi , Sangmin Song , Youngbin Kim

With the surge in digital content in low-resource languages, there is an escalating demand for advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques tailored to these languages. BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Pranita Deshmukh , Nikita Kulkarni , Sanhita Kulkarni , Kareena Manghani , Raviraj Joshi

Active Learning (AL) addresses the high costs of collecting human annotations by strategically annotating the most informative samples. However, for subjective NLP tasks, incorporating a wide range of perspectives in the annotation process…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Michiel van der Meer , Neele Falk , Pradeep K. Murukannaiah , Enrico Liscio

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) incurs considerable training costs, driving the need for data-efficient training with optimised data ordering. Human-inspired strategies offer a solution by organising data based on human learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Yushi Yang , Andrew M. Bean , Robert McCraith , Adam Mahdi

Language models (LMs) trained on vast quantities of unlabelled data have greatly advanced the field of natural language processing (NLP). In this study, we re-visit the widely accepted notion in NLP that continued pre-training LMs on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Zhengxiang Shi , Aldo Lipani

Large Language Models (LLM's) have demonstrated considerable success in various Natural Language Processing tasks, but they have yet to attain state-of-the-art performance in Neural Machine Translation (NMT). Nevertheless, their significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Sai Koneru , Miriam Exel , Matthias Huck , Jan Niehues

Data selection for finetuning Large Language Models (LLMs) can be framed as a budget-constrained optimization problem: maximizing a model's downstream performance under a strict training data budget. Solving this problem is generally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Animesh Jha , Harshit Gupta , Ananjan Nandi

Pretrained language models demonstrate strong performance in most NLP tasks when fine-tuned on small task-specific datasets. Hence, these autoregressive models constitute ideal agents to operate in text-based environments where language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Vincent Micheli , François Fleuret

Active Learning (AL) has emerged as a powerful approach for minimizing labeling costs by selectively sampling the most informative data for neural network model development. Effective AL for large-scale vision-language models necessitates…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Athmanarayanan Lakshmi Narayanan , Amrutha Machireddy , Ranganath Krishnan

When language model (LM) users aim to improve the quality of its generations, it is crucial to specify concrete behavioral attributes that the model should strive to reflect. However, curating such principles across many domains, even…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Keshav Ramji , Tahira Naseem , Ramón Fernandez Astudillo

This paper studies contextual biasing with Large Language Models (LLMs), where during second-pass rescoring additional contextual information is provided to a LLM to boost Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) performance. We propose to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Chuanneng Sun , Zeeshan Ahmed , Yingyi Ma , Zhe Liu , Lucas Kabela , Yutong Pang , Ozlem Kalinli