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We explore the application of Vision Transformer (ViT) for handwritten text recognition. The limited availability of labeled data in this domain poses challenges for achieving high performance solely relying on ViT. Previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Yuting Li , Dexiong Chen , Tinglong Tang , Xi Shen

Arabic handwritten text recognition (HTR) is challenging, especially for historical texts, due to diverse writing styles and the intrinsic features of Arabic script. Additionally, Arabic handwriting datasets are smaller compared to English…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Adrian Chan , Anupam Mijar , Mehreen Saeed , Chau-Wai Wong , Akram Khater

This study investigates the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly GPT-4o, for Optical Character Recognition (OCR) in low-resource scripts such as Urdu, Albanian, and Tajik, with English serving as a benchmark. Using a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Muhammad Abdullah Sohail , Salaar Masood , Hamza Iqbal

Handwritten character classification in the Bengali script is a significant challenge due to the complexity and variability of the characters. The models commonly used for classification are often computationally expensive and data-hungry,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Rafi Hassan Chowdhury , Naimul Haque , Kaniz Fatiha

Handwritten text recognition (HTR) and machine translation continue to pose significant challenges, particularly for low-resource languages like Marathi, which lack large digitized corpora and exhibit high variability in handwriting styles.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Shubham Kumar Nigam , Parjanya Aditya Shukla , Noel Shallum , Arnab Bhattacharya

The Transformer has quickly become the dominant architecture for various pattern recognition tasks due to its capacity for long-range representation. However, transformers are data-hungry models and need large datasets for training. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Marwa Dhiaf , Ahmed Cheikh Rouhou , Yousri Kessentini , Sinda Ben Salem

Despite Bengali being the sixth most spoken language in the world, handwritten text recognition (HTR) systems for Bengali remain severely underdeveloped. The complexity of Bengali script--featuring conjuncts, diacritics, and highly variable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Md. Mahmudul Hasan , Ahmed Nesar Tahsin Choudhury , Mahmudul Hasan , Md. Mosaddek Khan

Extracting Handwritten text is one of the most important components of digitizing information and making it available for large scale setting. Handwriting Optical Character Reader (OCR) is a research problem in computer vision and natural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Mohammad Daniyal Shaiq , Musa Dildar Ahmed Cheema , Ali Kamal

The problem of converting images of text into plain text is a widely researched topic in both academia and industry. Arabic handwritten Text Recognation (AHTR) poses additional challenges due to diverse handwriting styles and limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Alhossien Waly , Bassant Tarek , Ali Feteha , Rewan Yehia , Gasser Amr , Ahmed Fares

Character recognition is the fundamental part of an optical character recognition (OCR) system. Word recognition, sentence transcription, document digitization, and language processing are some of the higher-order activities that can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Mirza Raquib , Asif Pervez Polok , Kedar Nath Biswas , Farida Siddiqi Prity , Saydul Akbar Murad , Nick Rahimi

In a multilingual country like India where 12 different official scripts are in use, automatic identification of handwritten script facilitates many important applications such as automatic transcription of multilingual documents, searching…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-17 Pawan Kumar Singh , Iman Chatterjee , Ram Sarkar , Mita Nasipuri

This paper presents a novel approach towards Indic handwritten word recognition using zone-wise information. Because of complex nature due to compound characters, modifiers, overlapping and touching, etc., character segmentation and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-02 Partha Pratim Roy , Ayan Kumar Bhunia , Ayan Das , Prasenjit Dey , Umapada Pal

India is a multi-lingual country where Roman script is often used alongside different Indic scripts in a text document. To develop a script specific handwritten Optical Character Recognition (OCR) system, it is therefore necessary to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2010-03-25 Ram Sarkar , Nibaran Das , Subhadip Basu , Mahantapas Kundu , Mita Nasipuri , Dipak Kumar Basu

Unconstrained handwritten text recognition remains challenging for computer vision systems. Paragraph text recognition is traditionally achieved by two models: the first one for line segmentation and the second one for text line…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Denis Coquenet , Clément Chatelain , Thierry Paquet

Typical text recognition methods rely on an encoder-decoder structure, in which the encoder extracts features from an image, and the decoder produces recognized text from these features. In this study, we propose a simpler and more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Masato Fujitake

This research is the second phase in a series of investigations on developing an Optical Character Recognition (OCR) of Arabic historical documents and examining how different modeling procedures interact with the problem. The first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Aly Mostafa , Omar Mohamed , Ali Ashraf , Ahmed Elbehery , Salma Jamal , Anas Salah , Amr S. Ghoneim

Many studies on (Offline) Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) systems have focused on building state-of-the-art models for line recognition on small corpora. However, adding HTR capability to a large scale multilingual OCR system poses new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-18 R. Reeve Ingle , Yasuhisa Fujii , Thomas Deselaers , Jonathan Baccash , Ashok C. Popat

Handwritten character recognition (HCR) remains a challenging pattern recognition problem despite decades of research, and lacks research on script independent recognition techniques. {\color{black}This is mainly because of similar…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Vinod Kumar Chauhan , Sukhdeep Singh , Anuj Sharma

Optical character recognition (OCR) is a process of converting analogue documents into digital using document images. Currently, many commercial and non-commercial OCR systems exist for both handwritten and printed copies for different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Farisa Benta Safir , Abu Quwsar Ohi , M. F. Mridha , Muhammad Mostafa Monowar , Md. Abdul Hamid

In recent years, the field of Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) has seen the emergence of various new models, each claiming to perform competitively better than the other in specific scenarios. However, making a fair comparison of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Badri Vishal Kasuba , Dhruv Kudale , Venkatapathy Subramanian , Parag Chaudhuri , Ganesh Ramakrishnan
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