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The optimal power flow (OPF) problem, as a critical component of power system operations, becomes increasingly difficult to solve due to the variability, intermittency, and unpredictability of renewable energy brought to the power system.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Yuxuan Li , Chaoyue Zhao , Chenang Liu

Optimal Power Flow (OPF) is an important tool used to coordinate assets in electric power systems to ensure customer voltages are within pre-defined tolerances and to improve distribution system operations. While convex relaxations of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-18 Michael D. Sankur , Roel Dobbe , Emma Stewart , Duncan S. Callaway , Daniel B. Arnold

The traditional machine learning models to solve optimal power flow (OPF) are mostly trained for a given power network and lack generalizability to today's power networks with varying topologies and growing plug-and-play distributed energy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Heng Liang , Changhong Zhao

The optimal power flow (OPF) problem, which plays a central role in operating electrical networks is considered. The problem is nonconvex and is in fact NP hard. Therefore, designing efficient algorithms of practical relevance is crucial,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-08-20 S. Magnússon , P. C. Weeraddana , C. Fischione

This paper focuses on an AC optimal power flow (OPF) problem for distribution feeders equipped with controllable distributed energy resources (DERs). We consider a solution method that is based on a continuous approximation of the projected…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-26 Damola Ajeyemi , Yiting Chen , Antonin Colot , Jorge Cortes , Emiliano Dall'Anese

High percentage penetrations of renewable energy generations introduce significant uncertainty into power systems. It requires grid operators to solve alternative current optimal power flow (AC-OPF) problems more frequently for economical…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-04 Xiang Pan , Minghua Chen , Tianyu Zhao , Steven H. Low

Power system networks are often modeled as homogeneous graphs, which limits the ability of graph neural network (GNN) to capture individual generator features at the same nodes. By introducing the proposed virtual node-splitting strategy,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-22 Thuan Pham , Xingpeng Li

Power flow analysis is a fundamental tool for power system analysis, planning, and operational control. Traditional Newton-Raphson methods suffer from limitations such as initial value sensitivity and low efficiency in batch computation,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Xuezhi Liu

Optimal power flow (OPF) is a central problem in the operation of electric power systems. An OPF problem optimizes a specified objective function subject to constraints imposed by both the non-linear power flow equations and engineering…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-04-13 Mohammad Rasoul Narimani , Daniel K. Molzahn Dan Wu , Mariesa L. Crow

Solving the non-convex optimal power flow (OPF) problem for large-scale power distribution systems is computationally expensive. An alternative is to solve the relaxed convex problem or linear approximated problem, but these methods lead to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-09 Rabayet Sadnan , Anamika Dubey

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) approaches for the Optimal Power Flow (OPF) problem received considerable attention recently. A key challenge of these approaches lies in ensuring the feasibility of the predicted solutions to physical system…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-08 Tianyu Zhao , Xiang Pan , Minghua Chen , Andreas Venzke , Steven H. Low

The increasing penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) adds variability as well as fast control capabilities to power networks. Dispatching the DERs based on local information to provide real-time optimal network operation is the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-24 Heng Liang , Yujin Huang , Changhong Zhao

The optimal power flow (OPF) problem is one of the most important optimization problems for the operation of the power grid. It calculates the optimum scheduling of the committed generation units. In this paper, we develop a neural network…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-31 Wenqian Dong , Zhen Xie , Gokcen Kestor , Dong Li

Optimal power flow (OPF) is an important problem for power generation and it is in general non-convex. With the employment of renewable energy, it will be desirable if OPF can be solved very efficiently so its solution can be used in real…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-09-27 Albert Y. S. Lam , Baosen Zhang , David Tse

Existing algorithms to solve alternating-current optimal power flow (AC-OPF) often exploit linear approximations to simplify system models and accelerate computations. In this paper, we improve a recent hierarchical OPF algorithm, which…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-09 Heng Liang , Xinyang Zhou , Changhong Zhao

Optimal power flow (OPF) is considered for microgrids, with the objective of minimizing either the power distribution losses, or, the cost of power drawn from the substation and supplied by distributed generation (DG) units, while effecting…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-17 Emiliano Dall'Anese , Hao Zhu , Georgios B. Giannakis

Solving the nonlinear AC optimal power flow (AC OPF) problem remains a major computational bottleneck for real-time grid operations. In this paper, we propose a residual learning paradigm that uses fast DC optimal power flow (DC OPF)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Muhy Eddin Za'ter , Bri-Mathias Hodge , Kyri Baker

Optimal power flow (OPF) has been used for real-time grid operations. Prior efforts demonstrated that utilizing flexibility from dynamic topologies will improve grid efficiency. However, this will convert the linear OPF into a mixed-integer…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-24 Thuan Pham , Xingpeng Li

Learning to solve the Alternating Current Optimal Power Flow (AC-OPF) problem by neural networks (NNs) is a promising approach in real-time applications. Existing methods to ensure the physical feasibility of NN outputs embed a power flow…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jiebao Zhang , Haoyu Yan , Zhichao Sheng , Hongwen Yu , Shuang Ye , Haoyu Wang , Ye Shi

This paper considers the problem of controlling inverter-interfaced distributed energy resources (DERs) in a distribution grid to solve an AC optimal power flow (OPF) problem in real time. The AC OPF includes voltage constraints, and seeks…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-16 Antonin Colot , Yiting Chen , Bertrand Cornelusse , Jorge Cortes , Emiliano Dall'Anese