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The escalating scale and cost of Large Language Models (LLMs) training necessitate accurate pre-training prediction of downstream task performance for comprehensive understanding of scaling properties. This is challenged by: 1) the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Chengyin Xu , Kaiyuan Chen , Xiao Li , Ke Shen , Chenggang Li

Increasing demand for Large Language Models (LLMs) services imposes substantial deployment and computation costs on providers. LLM routing offers a cost-efficient solution by directing queries to the optimal LLM based on model and query…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Fangzhou Wu , Sandeep Silwal

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly interact with external tools, reward modeling for tool use has emerged as a critical yet underexplored area of research. Existing reward models, trained primarily on natural language outputs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Mayank Agarwal , Ibrahim Abdelaziz , Kinjal Basu , Merve Unuvar , Luis A. Lastras , Yara Rizk , Pavan Kapanipathi

Scale has been a major driving force in improving machine learning performance, and understanding scaling laws is essential for strategic planning for a sustainable model quality performance growth, long-term resource planning and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Newsha Ardalani , Carole-Jean Wu , Zeliang Chen , Bhargav Bhushanam , Adnan Aziz

The flourishing blossom of deep learning has witnessed the rapid development of text recognition in recent years. However, the existing text recognition methods are mainly proposed for English texts. As another widely-spoken language,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Haiyang Yu , Jingye Chen , Bin Li , Jianqi Ma , Mengnan Guan , Xixi Xu , Xiaocong Wang , Shaobo Qu , Xiangyang Xue

Low-rank architectures have become increasingly important for efficient large language model (LLM) pre-training, providing substantial reductions in both parameter complexity and memory/computational demands. Despite these advantages,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Boao Kong , Junzhu Liang , Yuxi Liu , Renjia Deng , Kun Yuan

Large Language Models (LLMs) trained on historical web data inevitably become outdated. We investigate evaluation strategies and update methods for LLMs as new data becomes available. We introduce a web-scale dataset for time-continual…

Despite their remarkable abilities in various tasks, large language models (LLMs) still struggle with real-time information (e.g., new facts and terms) due to the knowledge cutoff in their development process. However, existing benchmarks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Hexuan Deng , Wenxiang Jiao , Xuebo Liu , Min Zhang , Zhaopeng Tu

Click-through rate (CTR) prediction is crucial for personalized online services. Sample-level retrieval-based models, such as RIM, have demonstrated remarkable performance. However, they face challenges including inference inefficiency and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Huanshuo Liu , Bo Chen , Menghui Zhu , Jianghao Lin , Jiarui Qin , Yang Yang , Hao Zhang , Ruiming Tang

In Online Learning to Rank (OLTR) the aim is to find an optimal ranking model by interacting with users. When learning from user behavior, systems must interact with users while simultaneously learning from those interactions. Unlike other…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-11-28 Harrie Oosterhuis , Maarten de Rijke

Fueled by their remarkable ability to tackle diverse tasks across multiple domains, large language models (LLMs) have grown at an unprecedented rate, with some recent models containing trillions of parameters. This growth is accompanied by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Athanasios Glentis , Jiaxiang Li , Qiulin Shang , Andi Han , Ioannis Tsaknakis , Quan Wei , Mingyi Hong

Existing language model benchmarks provide contradictory model rankings, even for benchmarks that aim to capture similar skills. This dilemma of conflicting rankings hampers model selection, clouds model comparisons, and adds confusion to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Guanhua Zhang , Ricardo Dominguez-Olmedo , Moritz Hardt

Query and product relevance prediction is a critical component for ensuring a smooth user experience in e-commerce search. Traditional studies mainly focus on BERT-based models to assess the semantic relevance between queries and products.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Tian Tang , Zhixing Tian , Zhenyu Zhu , Chenyang Wang , Haiqing Hu , Guoyu Tang , Lin Liu , Sulong Xu

Learning-to-rank (LTR) is a class of supervised learning techniques that apply to ranking problems dealing with a large number of features. The popularity and widespread application of LTR models in prioritizing information in a variety of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Jaspreet Singh , Zhenye Wang , Megha Khosla , Avishek Anand

With the rapid development of online advertising and recommendation systems, click-through rate prediction is expected to play an increasingly important role.Recently many DNN-based models which follow a similar Embedding&MLP paradigm have…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-01 Chenglei Niu , Guojing Zhong , Ying Liu , Yandong Zhang , Yongsheng Sun , Ailong He , Zhaoji Chen

Deep neural networks has become the first choice for researchers working on algorithmic aspects of learning-to-rank. Unfortunately, it is not trivial to find the optimal setting of hyper-parameters that achieves the best ranking…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Hai-Tao Yu

Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction is a core task in nowadays commercial recommender systems. Feature crossing, as the mainline of research on CTR prediction, has shown a promising way to enhance predictive performance. Even though various…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Runlong Yu , Yuyang Ye , Qi Liu , Zihan Wang , Chunfeng Yang , Yucheng Hu , Enhong Chen

There is a significant gap between patient needs and available mental health support today. In this paper, we aim to thoroughly examine the potential of using Large Language Models (LLMs) to assist professional psychotherapy. To this end,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Mian Zhang , Xianjun Yang , Xinlu Zhang , Travis Labrum , Jamie C. Chiu , Shaun M. Eack , Fei Fang , William Yang Wang , Zhiyu Zoey Chen

By virtue of its great utility in solving real-world problems, optimization modeling has been widely employed for optimal decision-making across various sectors, but it requires substantial expertise from operations research professionals.…

Click-Through Rate prediction (CTR) is a crucial task in recommender systems, and it gained considerable attention in the past few years. The primary purpose of recent research emphasizes obtaining meaningful and powerful representations…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Shereen Elsayed , Lars Schmidt-Thieme