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In open set learning, a model must be able to generalize to novel classes when it encounters a sample that does not belong to any of the classes it has seen before. Open set learning poses a realistic learning scenario that is receiving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-27 Chengsheng Mao , Liang Yao , Yuan Luo

Many practical applications require training of semantic segmentation models on unlabelled datasets and their execution on low-resource hardware. Distillation from a trained source model may represent a solution for the first but does not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Claudia Cuttano , Antonio Tavera , Fabio Cermelli , Giuseppe Averta , Barbara Caputo

Supervised classification methods often assume that evaluation data is drawn from the same distribution as training data and that all classes are present for training. However, real-world classifiers must handle inputs that are far from the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-11 Ryne Roady , Tyler L. Hayes , Christopher Kanan

Images seen during test time are often not from the same distribution as images used for learning. This problem, known as domain shift, occurs when training classifiers from object-centric internet image databases and trying to apply them…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-08-21 Erik Rodner , Judy Hoffman , Jeff Donahue , Trevor Darrell , Kate Saenko

State-of-the-art deep neural network recognition systems are designed for a static and closed world. It is usually assumed that the distribution at test time will be the same as the distribution during training. As a result, classifiers are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-28 Benjamin J. Meyer , Tom Drummond

Standard supervised machine learning assumes that the distribution of the source samples used to train an algorithm is the same as the one of the target samples on which it is supposed to make predictions. However, as any data scientist…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-12 Pirmin Lemberger , Ivan Panico

We introduce the problem of domain adaptation under Open Set Label Shift (OSLS) where the label distribution can change arbitrarily and a new class may arrive during deployment, but the class-conditional distributions p(x|y) are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Saurabh Garg , Sivaraman Balakrishnan , Zachary C. Lipton

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can learn directly from raw data, resulting in exceptional performance across various research areas. However, factors present in non-controllable environments such as unlabeled datasets with varying…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Lucas Fernando Alvarenga e Silva , Samuel Felipe dos Santos , Nicu Sebe , Jurandy Almeida

Traditional classifiers are deployed under closed-set setting, with both training and test classes belong to the same set. However, real-world applications probably face the input of unknown categories, and the model will recognize them as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Da-Wei Zhou , Han-Jia Ye , De-Chuan Zhan

Detecting test-time distribution shift has emerged as a key capability for safely deployed machine learning models, with the question being tackled under various guises in recent years. In this paper, we aim to provide a consolidated view…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Hongjun Wang , Sagar Vaze , Kai Han

Open-Set Domain Adaptation (OSDA) confronts the dual challenge of aligning known-class distributions across domains while identifying target-domain-specific unknown categories. Current approaches often fail to leverage semantic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Haoyang Chen

In this paper, we consider a highly general image recognition setting wherein, given a labelled and unlabelled set of images, the task is to categorize all images in the unlabelled set. Here, the unlabelled images may come from labelled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Sagar Vaze , Kai Han , Andrea Vedaldi , Andrew Zisserman

Unsupervised domain adaptation aims to train a classification model from the labeled source domain for the unlabeled target domain. Since the data distributions of the two domains are different, the model often performs poorly on the target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-10 Jieren Cheng , Le Liu , Xiangyan Tang , Wenxuan Tu , Boyi Liu , Ke Zhou , Qiaobo Da , Yue Yang

Classical machine learning assumes that the training and test sets come from the same distributions. Therefore, a model learned from the labeled training data is expected to perform well on the test data. However, This assumption may not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Abolfazl Farahani , Sahar Voghoei , Khaled Rasheed , Hamid R. Arabnia

Label distribution learning (LDL) is an effective method to predict the relative label description degree (a.k.a. label distribution) of a sample. However, the label distribution is not a complete representation of an instance because it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Jiawei Tang , Yuheng Jia

For high-stakes applications, like autonomous driving, a safe operation is necessary to prevent harm, accidents, and failures. Traditionally, difficult scenarios have been categorized into corner cases and addressed individually. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Sebastian Schmidt , Julius Körner , Stephan Günnemann

Open set recognition (OSR) and continual learning are two critical challenges in machine learning, focusing respectively on detecting novel classes at inference time and updating models to incorporate the new classes. While many recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Jiawen Xu , Odej Kao

Open-world semi-supervised learning aims at inferring both known and novel classes in unlabeled data, by harnessing prior knowledge from a labeled set with known classes. Despite its importance, there is a lack of theoretical foundations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Yiyou Sun , Zhenmei Shi , Yixuan Li

Open set domain adaptation refers to the scenario that the target domain contains categories that do not exist in the source domain. It is a more common situation in the reality compared with the typical closed set domain adaptation where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Sitong Mao , Xiao Shen , Fu-lai Chung

The endeavor to preserve the generalization of a fair and invariant classifier across domains, especially in the presence of distribution shifts, becomes a significant and intricate challenge in machine learning. In response to this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Chen Zhao , Kai Jiang , Xintao Wu , Haoliang Wang , Latifur Khan , Christan Grant , Feng Chen