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We study the complexity of the classic capacitated k-median and k-means problems parameterized by the number of centers, k. These problems are notoriously difficult since the best known approximation bound for high dimensional Euclidean…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Vincent Cohen-Addad , Jason Li

Clustering is a basic task in data analysis and machine learning, and the optimization of clustering objectives are well-studied optimization problems; amongst these, the $k$-Means objective is arguably the most well known. Given a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Moses Charikar , Vincent Cohen-Addad , Ruiquan Gao , Fabrizio Grandoni , Euiwoong Lee , Ernest van Wijland

We consider online $k$-means clustering where each new point is assigned to the nearest cluster center, after which the algorithm may update its centers. The loss incurred is the sum of squared distances from new points to their assigned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Robi Bhattacharjee , Jacob Imola , Michal Moshkovitz , Sanjoy Dasgupta

We consider the online $k$-median clustering problem in which $n$ points arrive online and must be irrevocably assigned to a cluster on arrival. As there are lower bound instances that show that an online algorithm cannot achieve a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Benjamin Moseley , Heather Newman , Kirk Pruhs

Given a set of points, clustering consists of finding a partition of a point set into $k$ clusters such that the center to which a point is assigned is as close as possible. Most commonly, centers are points themselves, which leads to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Maria Sofia Bucarelli , Matilde Fjeldsø Larsen , Chris Schwiegelshohn , Mads Bech Toftrup

Motivated by recent work in computational social choice, we extend the metric distortion framework to clustering problems. Given a set of $n$ agents located in an underlying metric space, our goal is to partition them into $k$ clusters,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Jakob Burkhardt , Ioannis Caragiannis , Karl Fehrs , Matteo Russo , Chris Schwiegelshohn , Sudarshan Shyam

State-of-the-art clustering algorithms use heuristics to partition the feature space and provide little insight into the rationale for cluster membership, limiting their interpretability. In healthcare applications, the latter poses a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-04 Dimitris Bertsimas , Agni Orfanoudaki , Holly Wiberg

In this paper, we investigate the learning-augmented $k$-median clustering problem, which aims to improve the performance of traditional clustering algorithms by preprocessing the point set with a predictor of error rate $\alpha \in [0,1)$.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Kangke Cheng , Shihong Song , Guanlin Mo , Hu Ding

The Johnson-Lindenstrauss (JL) Lemma introduced the concept of dimension reduction via a random linear map, which has become a fundamental technique in many computational settings. For a set of $n$ points in $\mathbb{R}^d$ and any fixed…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Shaofeng H. -C. Jiang , Robert Krauthgamer , Shay Sapir

Finding the number of meaningful clusters in an unlabeled dataset is important in many applications. Regularized k-means algorithm is a possible approach frequently used to find the correct number of distinct clusters in datasets. The most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Behzad Kamgar-Parsi , Behrooz Kamgar-Parsi

In fully-dynamic consistent clustering, we are given a finite metric space $(M,d)$, and a set $F\subseteq M$ of possible locations for opening centers. Data points arrive and depart, and the goal is to maintain an approximately optimal…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Niv Buchbinder , Roie Levin , Yue Yang

The $k$-Means clustering problem on $n$ points is NP-Hard for any dimension $d\ge 2$, however, for the 1D case there exists exact polynomial time algorithms. Previous literature reported an $O(kn^2)$ time dynamic programming algorithm that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-26 Allan Grønlund , Kasper Green Larsen , Alexander Mathiasen , Jesper Sindahl Nielsen , Stefan Schneider , Mingzhou Song

Many clustering algorithms exist that estimate a cluster centroid, such as K-means, K-medoids or mean-shift, but no algorithm seems to exist that clusters data by returning exactly K meaningful modes. We propose a natural definition of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-04-25 Miguel Á. Carreira-Perpiñán , Weiran Wang

We consider the problem of clustering in the presence of noise. That is, when on top of cluster structure, the data also contains a subset of \emph{unstructured} points. Our goal is to detect the clusters despite the presence of many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Shrinu Kushagra , Yaoliang Yu , Shai Ben-David

We present data streaming algorithms for the $k$-median problem in high-dimensional dynamic geometric data streams, i.e. streams allowing both insertions and deletions of points from a discrete Euclidean space $\{1, 2, \ldots \Delta\}^d$.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-06-14 Vladimir Braverman , Gereon Frahling , Harry Lang , Christian Sohler , Lin F. Yang

We introduce a new $(\epsilon_p, \delta_p)$-differentially private algorithm for the $k$-means clustering problem. Given a dataset in Euclidean space, the $k$-means clustering problem requires one to find $k$ points in that space such that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-09-03 Anamay Chaturvedi , Huy Nguyen , Eric Xu

We propose a new variant of the k-median problem, where the objective function models not only the cost of assigning data points to cluster representatives, but also a penalty term for disagreement among the representatives. We motivate…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Bruno Ordozgoiti , Aristides Gionis

This paper shows that one can be competitive with the k-means objective while operating online. In this model, the algorithm receives vectors v_1,...,v_n one by one in an arbitrary order. For each vector the algorithm outputs a cluster…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-02-24 Edo Liberty , Ram Sriharsha , Maxim Sviridenko

Center-based clustering has attracted significant research interest from both theory and practice. In many practical applications, input data often contain background knowledge that can be used to improve clustering results. In this work,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Longkun Guo , Chaoqi Jia , Kewen Liao , Zhigang Lu , Minhui Xue

We give the first near-linear time $(1+\eps)$-approximation algorithm for $k$-median clustering of polygonal trajectories under the discrete Fr\'{e}chet distance, and the first polynomial time $(1+\eps)$-approximation algorithm for…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2020-04-03 Abhinandan Nath , Erin Taylor