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In offline reinforcement learning (RL), we learn policies from fixed datasets without environment interaction. The major challenges are to provide guarantees on the (1) performance and (2) safety of the resulting policy. A technique called…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Maris F. L. Galesloot , Thomas Rhemrev , Nils Jansen

Reinforcement Learning (RL) enhances LLM reasoning, yet a paradox emerges as models scale: strong base models saturate standard benchmarks (e.g., MATH), yielding correct but homogeneous solutions. In such environments, the lack of failure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zhenwen Liang , Yujun Zhou , Sidi Lu , Xiangliang Zhang , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu

Reinforcement learning (RL) is an area of significant research interest, and safe RL in particular is attracting attention due to its ability to handle safety-driven constraints that are crucial for real-world applications of RL algorithms.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-13 Song Bo , Xunyuan Yin , Jinfeng Liu

Reinforcement learning (RL) has revolutionized decision-making across a wide range of domains over the past few decades. Yet, deploying RL policies in real-world scenarios presents the crucial challenge of ensuring safety. Traditional safe…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-26 Lunet Yifru , Ali Baheri

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has been shown to be effective in many scenarios. However, it typically requires the exploration of a sufficiently large number of state-action pairs, some of which may be unsafe. Consequently, its application to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-24 Yousef Emam , Gennaro Notomista , Paul Glotfelter , Zsolt Kira , Magnus Egerstedt

Besides the recent impressive results on reinforcement learning (RL), safety is still one of the major research challenges in RL. RL is a machine-learning approach to determine near-optimal policies in Markov decision processes (MDPs). In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Bettina Könighofer , Julian Rudolf , Alexander Palmisano , Martin Tappler , Roderick Bloem

The increasingly challenging task of maintaining power grid security requires innovative solutions. Novel approaches using reinforcement learning (RL) agents have been proposed to help grid operators navigate the massive decision space and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-24 Benjamin M. Peter , Mert Korkali

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has recently received significant attention from the process systems engineering and control communities. Recent works have investigated the application of RL to identify optimal scheduling decision in the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-11 Max Mowbray , Dongda Zhang , Ehecatl Antonio Del Rio Chanona

Reinforcement learning (RL)-based driver assistance systems seek to improve fuel consumption via continual improvement of powertrain control actions considering experiential data from the field. However, the need to explore diverse…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Habtamu Hailemichael , Beshah Ayalew , Lindsey Kerbel , Andrej Ivanco , Keith Loiselle

We present SHIELD, a hierarchical algorithm that reduces both the decision-variable dimension and the constraint set in $\ell_1$-regularized convex programs. From strong convexity and Lagrangian duality, we derive certificates that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Hansung Kim , Siddharth H. Nair , Francesco Borrelli

Reinforcement learning algorithms discover policies that maximize reward, but do not necessarily guarantee safety during learning or execution phases. We introduce a new approach to learn optimal policies while enforcing properties…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-09-05 Mohammed Alshiekh , Roderick Bloem , Ruediger Ehlers , Bettina Könighofer , Scott Niekum , Ufuk Topcu

This paper presents a supervised multi-agent safe policy learning (SMAS-PL) method for optimal power management of networked microgrids (MGs) in distribution systems. While conventional reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms are black-box…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-28 Qianzhi Zhang , Kaveh Dehghanpour , Zhaoyu Wang , Feng Qiu , Dongbo Zhao

Advancing autonomous green technologies in solar photovoltaic (PV) systems is key to improving sustainability and efficiency in renewable energy production. This study presents a reinforcement learning (RL)-based framework to autonomously…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Heungjo An

Safety is still one of the major research challenges in reinforcement learning (RL). In this paper, we address the problem of how to avoid safety violations of RL agents during exploration in probabilistic and partially unknown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Martin Tappler , Stefan Pranger , Bettina Könighofer , Edi Muškardin , Roderick Bloem , Kim Larsen

Electricity grid's resiliency and climate change strongly impact one another due to an array of technical and policy-related decisions that impact both. This paper introduces a physics-informed machine learning-based framework to enhance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Anmol Dwivedi , Ali Tajer , Santiago Paternain , Nurali Virani

Learning-based controllers leverage nonlinear couplings and enhance transients but seldom offer guarantees under tight input constraints. Robust feedback like sliding-mode control (SMC) provides these guarantees but is conservative in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Imran Sayyed , Nandan Kumar Sinha

We present a deep reinforcement learning-based framework for autonomous microgrid management. tailored for remote communities. Using deep reinforcement learning and time-series forecasting models, we optimize microgrid energy dispatch…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Kenny Guo , Nicholas Eckhert , Krish Chhajer , Luthira Abeykoon , Lorne Schell

This paper presents a novel federated reinforcement learning (Fed-RL) methodology to enhance the cyber resiliency of networked microgrids. We formulate a resilient reinforcement learning (RL) training setup which (a) generates episodic…

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful tool for optimal control that has found great success in Atari games, the game of Go, robotic control, and building optimization. RL is also very brittle; agents often overfit to their training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Doseok Jang , Larry Yan , Lucas Spangher , Costas Spanos

Deep reinforcement learning for high dimensional, hierarchical control tasks usually requires the use of complex neural networks as functional approximators, which can lead to inefficiency, instability and even divergence in the training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Yuguang Yang