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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities. However, their massive parameter scale leads to significant resource consumption and latency during inference. Post-training weight-only quantization offers a promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zhikai Li , Zhen Dong , Xuewen Liu , Jing Zhang , Qingyi Gu

Large language models require significant computational resources for deployment, making quantization essential for practical applications. However, the main obstacle to effective quantization lies in systematic outliers in activations and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Cuong Pham , Hoang Anh Dung , Cuong C. Nguyen , Trung Le , Gustavo Carneiro , Jianfei Cai , Thanh-Toan Do

KV-cache memory is a major bottleneck in real-world LLM serving, where systems must simultaneously support latency-sensitive small-batch requests and high-throughput concurrent workloads. Although many KV-cache compression methods improve…

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) can improve signal propagation environments by adjusting the phase of the incident signal. However, optimizing the phase shifts jointly with the beamforming vector at the access point is challenging…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Weijie Jin , Jing Zhang , Chao-Kai Wen , Shi Jin , Xiao Li , Shuangfeng Han

With the commercialization of large language models (LLMs), weight-activation quantization has emerged to compress and accelerate LLMs, achieving high throughput while reducing inference costs. However, existing post-training quantization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Jung Hyun Lee , Jeonghoon Kim , June Yong Yang , Se Jung Kwon , Eunho Yang , Kang Min Yoo , Dongsoo Lee

Quantization significantly accelerates inference in large language models (LLMs) by replacing original high-precision matrices with low-precision counterparts. Recent advances in weight-activation quantization have primarily focused on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Wenyuan Liu , Haoqian Meng , Yilun Luo , Yafei Zhao , Peng Zhang , Xindian Ma

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed numerous AI applications. On-device LLM is becoming increasingly important: running LLMs locally on edge devices can reduce the cloud computing cost and protect users' privacy. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Ji Lin , Jiaming Tang , Haotian Tang , Shang Yang , Wei-Ming Chen , Wei-Chen Wang , Guangxuan Xiao , Xingyu Dang , Chuang Gan , Song Han

Deep learning has been successfully applied to the single-image super-resolution (SISR) task with great performance in recent years. However, most convolutional neural network based SR models require heavy computation, which limit their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Chaofeng Wang , Zheng Li , Jun Shi

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer strong capabilities but incur high inference costs due to dense computation and memory access. Training-free activation sparsity is a promising approach for efficient LLM inference, yet existing methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Lei Chen , Yuan Meng , Xiaoyu Zhan , Zhi Wang , Wenwu Zhu

Quantization and fine-tuning are crucial for deploying large language models (LLMs) on resource-constrained edge devices. However, fine-tuning quantized models presents significant challenges, primarily stemming from: First, the mismatch in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Junyu Chen , Junzhuo Li , Zhen Peng , Wenjie Wang , Yuxiang Ren , Long Shi , Xuming Hu

Post-training quantization is essential for deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on resource-constrained devices. However, standard integer quantization (e.g., INT4) fundamentally degrades performance by imposing a uniform grid on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Vladimer Khasia

We present ITQ3_S (Interleaved Ternary Quantization -- Specialized), a novel 3-bit weight quantization format for LLMs integrating TurboQuant (TQ), a rotation-domain strategy based on the Fast Walsh-Hadamard Transform (FWHT). Conventional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Edward J. Yoon

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing, albeit at the cost of immense memory and computation requirements. Post-training quantization (PTQ) is becoming the de facto method to reduce the memory footprint…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Yuhang Li , Priyadarshini Panda

Diffusion models represent the cutting edge in image generation, but their high memory and computational demands hinder deployment on resource-constrained devices. Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) offers a promising solution by reducing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Marco Federici , Riccardo Del Chiaro , Boris van Breugel , Paul Whatmough , Markus Nagel

Quantization has established itself as the primary approach for decreasing the computational and storage expenses associated with Large Language Models (LLMs) inference. The majority of current research emphasizes quantizing weights and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Moran Shkolnik , Maxim Fishman , Brian Chmiel , Hilla Ben-Yaacov , Ron Banner , Kfir Yehuda Levy

A new iterative low complexity algorithm has been presented for computing the Walsh-Hadamard transform (WHT) of an $N$ dimensional signal with a $K$-sparse WHT, where $N$ is a power of two and $K = O(N^\alpha)$, scales sub-linearly in $N$…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-05-08 Robin Scheibler , Saeid Haghighatshoar , Martin Vetterli

Quantization is an effective strategy to reduce the storage and computation footprint of large language models (LLMs). Post-training quantization (PTQ) is a leading approach for compressing LLMs. Popular weight quantization procedures,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Ryan Lucas , Mehdi Makni , Xiang Meng , Adam Deng , Rahul Mazumder

Large language models (LLMs) excel at natural language tasks but face deployment challenges due to their growing size outpacing GPU memory advancements. Model quantization mitigates this issue by lowering weight and activation precision,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Shizhuo Mao , Song Chen , Yi Kang

This work addresses weight optimization problem for fully-connected feed-forward neural networks. Unlike existing approaches that are based on back-propagation (BP) and chain rule gradient-based optimization (which implies iterative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Slavisa Tomic , João Pedro Matos-Carvalho , Marko Beko

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance across various language tasks but pose challenges for practical deployment due to their substantial memory requirements. Furthermore, the latest generative models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Young Jin Kim , Rawn Henry , Raffy Fahim , Hany Hassan Awadalla