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Recently, contrastiveness-based augmentation surges a new climax in the computer vision domain, where some operations, including rotation, crop, and flip, combined with dedicated algorithms, dramatically increase the model generalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Han Yue , Chunhui Zhang , Chuxu Zhang , Hongfu Liu

Graph contrastive learning (GCL) has emerged as an effective tool for learning unsupervised representations of graphs. The key idea is to maximize the agreement between two augmented views of each graph via data augmentation. Existing GCL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Xin Zhang , Qiaoyu Tan , Xiao Huang , Bo Li

Distribution shifts on graphs -- the discrepancies in data distribution between training and employing a graph machine learning model -- are ubiquitous and often unavoidable in real-world scenarios. These shifts may severely deteriorate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Kexin Zhang , Shuhan Liu , Song Wang , Weili Shi , Chen Chen , Pan Li , Sheng Li , Jundong Li , Kaize Ding

Most existing deep learning models are trained based on the closed-world assumption, where the test data is assumed to be drawn i.i.d. from the same distribution as the training data, known as in-distribution (ID). However, when models are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Yixin Liu , Kaize Ding , Huan Liu , Shirui Pan

Pretrained Transformers achieve remarkable performance when training and test data are from the same distribution. However, in real-world scenarios, the model often faces out-of-distribution (OOD) instances that can cause severe semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Wenxuan Zhou , Fangyu Liu , Muhao Chen

Contrastive learning has become a key component of self-supervised learning approaches for graph-structured data. Despite their success, existing graph contrastive learning methods are incapable of uncertainty quantification for node…

Graph representation learning has attracted a surge of interest recently, whose target at learning discriminant embedding for each node in the graph. Most of these representation methods focus on supervised learning and heavily depend on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Pengpeng Shao , Tong Liu , Dawei Zhang , Jianhua Tao , Feihu Che , Guohua Yang

Self-supervised learning of graph neural networks (GNN) is in great need because of the widespread label scarcity issue in real-world graph/network data. Graph contrastive learning (GCL), by training GNNs to maximize the correspondence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Susheel Suresh , Pan Li , Cong Hao , Jennifer Neville

Graph contrastive learning (GCL) learns node and graph representations by contrasting multiple views of the same graph. Existing methods typically rely on fixed, handcrafted views-usually a local and a global perspective, which limits their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yanan Zhao , Feng Ji , Jingyang Dai , Jiaze Ma , Keyue Jiang , Kai Zhao , Wee Peng Tay

Graph Neural Network (GNN) has demonstrated extraordinary performance in classifying graph properties. However, due to the selection bias of training and testing data (e.g., training on small graphs and testing on large graphs, or training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Bin Lu , Xiaoying Gan , Ze Zhao , Shiyu Liang , Luoyi Fu , Xinbing Wang , Chenghu Zhou

In general, graph representation learning methods assume that the train and test data come from the same distribution. In this work we consider an underexplored area of an otherwise rapidly developing field of graph representation learning:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Beatrice Bevilacqua , Yangze Zhou , Bruno Ribeiro

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated promising results on exploiting node representations for many downstream tasks through supervised end-to-end training. To deal with the widespread label scarcity issue in real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Cheng Wu , Chaokun Wang , Jingcao Xu , Ziyang Liu , Kai Zheng , Xiaowei Wang , Yang Song , Kun Gai

Graph contrastive learning (GCL) has recently emerged as a new concept which allows for capitalizing on the strengths of graph neural networks (GNNs) to learn rich representations in a wide variety of applications which involve abundant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Yuzhou Chen , Jose Frias , Yulia R. Gel

While pretrained language models achieve excellent performance on natural language understanding benchmarks, they tend to rely on spurious correlations and generalize poorly to out-of-distribution (OOD) data. Recent work has explored using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Nitish Joshi , He He

Existing studies show that node representations generated by graph neural networks (GNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, such as unnoticeable perturbations of adjacent matrix and node features. Thus, it is requisite to learn robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Jiayan Guo , Shangyang Li , Yue Zhao , Yan Zhang

Contrastive learning is an effective unsupervised method in graph representation learning. Recently, the data augmentation based contrastive learning method has been extended from images to graphs. However, most prior works are directly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Shengyu Feng , Baoyu Jing , Yada Zhu , Hanghang Tong

Graph anomaly detection aims to identify abnormal patterns in networks, but faces significant challenges from label scarcity and extreme class imbalance. While graph contrastive learning offers a promising unsupervised solution, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Kamal Berahmand , Saman Forouzandeh , Mehrnoush Mohammadi , Parham Moradi , Mahdi Jalili

Distribution shifts on graphs -- the data distribution discrepancies between training and testing a graph machine learning model, are often ubiquitous and unavoidable in real-world scenarios. Such shifts may severely deteriorate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Shuhan Liu , Kaize Ding

Graph Contrastive Learning (GCL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for training Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) in the absence of task-specific labels. However, its scalability on large-scale graphs is hindered by the intensive message…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Xiang Chen , Kun Yue , Wenjie Liu , Zhenyu Zhang , Liang Duan

Self-supervised learning of deep neural networks has become a prevalent paradigm for learning representations that transfer to a variety of downstream tasks. Similar to proposed models of the ventral stream of biological vision, it is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-26 Kion Fallah , Alec Helbling , Kyle A. Johnsen , Christopher J. Rozell