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Direct imaging of exoplanets is usually limited by quasi-static speckles. These uncorrected aberrations in a star's point spread function (PSF) obscure faint companions and limit the sensitivity of high-contrast imaging instruments. Most…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-05 William Thompson , Christian Marois

Post-processing algorithms play a key role in pushing the detection limits of high-contrast imaging (HCI) instruments. State-of-the-art image processing approaches for HCI enable the production of science-ready images relying on…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-06 Carlos Alberto Gomez Gonzalez , Olivier Absil , Marc van Droogenbroeck

We present a novel method for direct detection and characterization of exoplanets from space. This method uses four collecting telescopes, combined with phase chopping and a spectrometer, with observations on only a few baselines rather…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Taro Matsuo , Wesley A. Traub , Makoto Hattori , Motohide Tamura

We propose the application of coronagraphic techniques to the spectroscopic direct detection of exoplanets via the Doppler shift of planetary molecular lines. Even for an unresolved close-in planetary system, we show that the combination of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-06-05 Hajime Kawahara , Naoshi Murakami , Taro Matsuo , Takayuki Kotani

The detection of exoplanets in high-contrast imaging (HCI) data hinges on post-processing methods to remove spurious light from the host star. So far, existing methods for this task hardly utilize any of the available domain knowledge about…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-10 Timothy D. Gebhard , Markus J. Bonse , Sascha P. Quanz , Bernhard Schölkopf

We present a novel machine-learning approach for detecting faint point sources in high-contrast adaptive optics imaging datasets. The most widely used algorithms for primary subtraction aim to decouple bright stellar speckle noise from…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-07 Trevor N. Wolf , Brandon A. Jones , Brendan P. Bowler

Direct imaging of extra-solar planets has now become a reality, especially with the deployment and commissioning of the first generation of specialized ground-based instruments such as the GPI, SPHERE, P1640 and SCExAO. These systems will…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Sandrine J. Thomas , Ruslan Belikov , Eduardo Bendek

Exoplanet detection by direct imaging is a difficult task: the faint signals from the objects of interest are buried under a spatially structured nuisance component induced by the host star. The exoplanet signals can only be identified when…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-22 Olivier Flasseur , Théo Bodrito , Julien Mairal , Jean Ponce , Maud Langlois , Anne-Marie Lagrange

Young giant exoplanets emit infrared radiation that can be linearly polarized up to several percent. This linear polarization can trace: 1) the presence of atmospheric cloud and haze layers, 2) spatial structure, e.g. cloud bands and…

The method of direct imaging has detected many exoplanets and made important contribution to the field of planet formation. The standard method employs angular differential imaging (ADI) technique, and more ADI image frames could lead to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-12 Pattana Chintarungruangchai , Ing-Guey Jiang , Jun Hashimoto , Yu Komatsu , Mihoko Konishi

At optical wavelengths, an exoplanet's signature is essentially reflected light from the host star - several orders of magnitude fainter. Since it is superimposed on the star spectrum its detection has been a difficult observational…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-10-07 Jorge H. C. Martins , Pedro Figueira , Nuno Santos , Christophe Lovis

High-contrast imaging for the detection and characterization of exoplanets relies on the instrument's capability to block out the light of the host star. Some current post-processing methods for calibrating out the residual speckles use…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Marie Ygouf , Laurent M. Mugnier , David Mouillet , Thierry Fusco , Jean-Luc Beuzit

Direct imaging of exoplanets is a challenging task due to the small angular distance and high contrast relative to their host star, and the presence of quasi-static noise. We propose a new statistical method for direct imaging of exoplanets…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-20 Hazan Daglayan , Simon Vary , Faustine Cantalloube , P. -A. Absil , Olivier Absil

Over the past 4 decades, the exploration of planets beyond our solar system has yielded the discovery of over 5600 exoplanets orbiting different stars. Continuous advancements in instrumentation and cutting-edge techniques empower…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-09 Alice Zurlo

High-contrast imaging observations of large angular diameter stars enable complementary science questions to be addressed compared to the baseline goals of proposed missions like the Terrestrial Planet Finder-Coronagraph, New World's…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 Justin R. Crepp , Suvrath Mahadevan , Jian Ge

The new generation of observatories and instruments (VLT/ERIS, JWST, ELT) motivate the development of robust methods to detect and characterise faint and close-in exoplanets. Molecular mapping and cross-correlation for spectroscopy use…

Directly imaging exoplanets is a formidable challenge due to extreme contrast ratios and quasi-static speckle noise, motivating the exploration of advanced post-processing methods. While Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have shown…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-27 Yu-Chia Lin

Angular differential imaging (ADI) (Marois et al. 2006) is an observational technique in high contrast imaging where the telescope is used in pupil tracking mode so that the image of the sky rotates with respect to the optical surfaces.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-28 Michael Bottom , Garreth Ruane , Dimitri Mawet

Direct imaging of exoplanets relies on complex wavefront sensing and control architectures. In addition to fast adaptive optics systems, most of the future high-contrast imaging instruments will soon be equipped with focal plane wavefront…

Beyond the choice of wavefront control systems or coronographs, advanced data processing methods play a crucial role in disentangling potential planetary signals from bright quasi-static speckles. Among these methods, angular differential…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-22 Carl-Henrik Dahlqvist , Faustine Cantalloube , Olivier Absil