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The bitcoin peer-to-peer network has drawn significant attention from researchers, but so far has mostly focused on publicly visible portions of the network, i.e., publicly reachable peers. This mostly ignores the hidden parts of the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-09-21 Liang Wang , Ivan Pustogarov

This paper investigates whether Bittensor can be considered the Bitcoin of decentralized Artificial Intelligence by directly comparing its tokenomics, decentralization properties, consensus mechanism, and incentive structure against those…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Elizabeth Lui , Jiahao Sun

Understanding the variations in trading price (volatility), and its response to exogenous information, is a well-researched topic in finance. In this study, we focus on finding stable and accurate volatility predictors for a relatively new…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2022-12-07 M. Eren Akbiyik , Mert Erkul , Killian Kaempf , Vaiva Vasiliauskaite , Nino Antulov-Fantulin

We study the information dynamics between the largest Bitcoin exchange markets during the bubble in 2017-2018. By analysing high-frequency market-microstructure observables with different information theoretic measures for dynamical…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2022-05-04 Vaiva Vasiliauskaite , Fabrizio Lillo , Nino Antulov-Fantulin

Bitcoin introduced delegation of control over a monetary system from a select few to all who participate in that system. This delegation is known as the decentralization of controlling power and is a powerful security mechanism for the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Ashish Rajendra Sai , Jim Buckley , Brian Fitzgerald , Andrew Le Gear

Bitcoin's design promises resilience through decentralization, yet the physical infrastructure supporting the network creates hidden dependencies. We present the first longitudinal study of Bitcoin's resilience to submarine cable failures,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Wenbin Wu , Alexander Neumueller

Bitcoins and Blockchain technologies are attracting the attention of different scientific communities. In addition, their widespread industrial applications and the continuous introduction of cryptocurrencies are also stimulating the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-07-24 Marco Alberto Javarone , Craig Steven Wright

Blockchain technology, and more specifically Bitcoin (one of its foremost applications), have been receiving increasing attention in the scientific community. The first publications with Bitcoin as a topic, can be traced back to 2012. In…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2019-06-24 Ignasi Merediz-Solà , Aurelio F. Bariviera

It is no exaggeration to say that since the introduction of Bitcoin, blockchains have become a disruptive technology that has shaken the world. However, the rising popularity of the paradigm has led to a flurry of proposals addressing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-08-23 Christopher Natoli , Jiangshan Yu , Vincent Gramoli , Paulo Esteves-Verissimo

Bitcoin is the most successful cryptocurrency so far. This is mainly due to its novel consensus algorithm, which is based on proof-of-work combined with a cryptographically-protected data structure and a rewarding scheme that incentivizes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-24 Pawel Szalachowski , Daniel Reijsbergen , Ivan Homoliak , Siwei Sun

This paper formally examines the network structure of Bitcoin CORE (BTC) and Bitcoin Satoshi Vision (BSV) using complex graph theory to demonstrate that home-hosted full nodes are incapable of participating in or influencing the propagation…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Dr Craig S Wright

Cryptocurrency blockchains, beyond their primary role as distributed payment systems, are increasingly used to store and share arbitrary content, such as text messages and files. Although often non-financial, this hidden content can impact…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Charalampos Kleitsikas , Nikolaos Korfiatis , Stefanos Leonardos , Carmine Ventre

Bitcoin has attracted attention from different market participants due to unpredictable price patterns. Sometimes, the price has exhibited big jumps. Bitcoin prices have also had extreme, unexpected crashes. We test the predictive power of…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-12-15 Andrés García-Medina , Toan Luu Duc Huynh3

Structural analysis in network science is finding the information hidden from the topology structure of complex networks. Many methods have already been proposed in the research on the structural analysis of complex networks to find the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-02-22 Ronghao Deng , Meizhu Li , Qi Zhang

Bitcoin mining presents a significant economic incentive for efficient hashing and broadcast of data, both parameters stemming from the Proofs of Work used to advance the network. This incentive has led to the development of Bitcoin…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-03-17 Jonathan Harvey-Buschel , Can Kisagun

In this brief, we conduct a complex-network analysis of the Bitcoin transaction network. In particular, we design a new sampling method, namely random walk with flying-back (RWFB), to conduct effective data sampling. We then conduct a…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Bishenghui Tao , Hong-Ning Dai , Jiajing Wu , Ivan Wang-Hei Ho , Zibin Zheng , Chak Fong Cheang

The behaviour of Bitcoin owners is reflected in the structure and the number of bitcoin transactions encoded in the Blockchain. Likewise, the behaviour of Bitcoin traders is reflected in the formation of bullish and bearish trends in the…

The possibility to analyze everyday monetary transactions is limited by the scarcity of available data, as this kind of information is usually considered highly sensitive. Present econophysics models are usually employed on presumed random…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-04-01 Dániel Kondor , Márton Pósfai , István Csabai , Gábor Vattay

Bitcoin is a peer-to-peer electronic payment system that has rapidly grown in popularity in recent years. Usually, the complete history of Bitcoin blockchain data must be queried to acquire variables with economic meaning. This task has…

General Economics · Economics 2025-08-11 Yulin Liu , Luyao Zhang , Yinhong Zhao

Bitcoin is a digital currency and electronic payment system operating over a peer-to-peer network on the Internet. One of its most important properties is the high level of anonymity it provides for its users. The users are identified by…

Applications · Statistics 2019-04-12 Péter L. Juhász , József Stéger , Dániel Kondor , Gábor Vattay