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Agentic search enables LLMs to solve complex multi-hop questions through iterative reasoning and external search. Despite the effectiveness, these systems often suffer from a critical limitation in practice: agents fail to recognize their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yunbo Tang , Chengyi Yang , Shiyu Liu , Zhishang Xiang , Zerui Chen , Qinggang Zhang , Jinsong Su

Large language models (LLMs) have rapidly evolved from text generators into powerful problem solvers. Yet, many open tasks demand critical thinking, multi-source, and verifiable outputs, which are beyond single-shot prompting or standard…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is making a major impact on healthcare, particularly through its application in natural language processing (NLP) and predictive analytics. The healthcare sector has increasingly adopted AI for tasks such as…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Karan Hanswadkar , Anika Kanchi , Shivani Tripathi , Shi Qiao , Rony Chatterjee , Alekh Jindal

Fully automated self-driving laboratories are promising to enable high-throughput and large-scale scientific discovery by reducing repetitive labour. However, effective automation requires deep integration of laboratory knowledge, which is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Shuxiang Cao , Zijian Zhang , Mohammed Alghadeer , Simone D Fasciati , Michele Piscitelli , Mustafa Bakr , Peter Leek , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

We study two-level autoresearch for cooperation: an outer-loop AI agent autonomously redesigns the inner-loop pipeline of an LLM policy-synthesis system for multi-agent Sequential Social Dilemmas (SSDs). A researcher agent $\mathcal{R}$…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Víctor Gallego

A suite of impressive scientific discoveries have been driven by recent advances in artificial intelligence. These almost all result from training flexible algorithms to solve difficult optimization problems specified in advance by teams of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Ruairidh M. Battleday , Samuel J. Gershman

We introduce SymbolicAI, a versatile and modular framework employing a logic-based approach to concept learning and flow management in generative processes. SymbolicAI enables the seamless integration of generative models with a diverse…

Designing sustainable medical devices requires balancing environmental, economic, and social demands, yet trade-offs across these pillars are difficult to identify using manual assessment alone. Current methods depend heavily on expert…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-12-16 Apala Chakrabarti

Artificial intelligence (AI) models trained on published scientific findings have been used to invent valuable materials and targeted therapies, but they typically ignore the human scientists who continually alter the landscape of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Jamshid Sourati , James Evans

Artificial life aims to understand the fundamental principles of biological life by creating computational models that exhibit life-like properties. Although artificial life systems show promise for simulating biological evolution,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Niko Lorantos , Lee Spector

We introduce Nomad, a system for autonomous data exploration and insight discovery. Given a corpus of documents, databases, or other data sources, users rarely know the full set of questions, hypotheses, or connections that could be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Bokang Jia , Samta Kamboj , Satheesh Katipomu , Seung Hun Han , Neha Sengupta , Andrew Jackson

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in scientific writing but struggle with book-length tasks, often producing inconsistent structure and unreliable citations. We introduce CoAuthorAI, a human-in-the-loop writing system that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Yangjie Tian , Xungang Gu , Yun Zhao , Jiale Yang , Lin Yang , Ning Li , He Zhang , Ruohua Xu , Hua Wang , Kewen Liao , Ming Liu

Advanced scientific user facilities, such as next generation X-ray light sources and self-driving laboratories, are revolutionizing scientific discovery by automating routine tasks and enabling rapid experimentation and characterizations.…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-09-03 Aikaterini Vriza , Michael H. Prince , Tao Zhou , Henry Chan , Mathew J. Cherukara

Large-scale scientific datasets -- spanning health biobanks, cell atlases, Earth reanalyses, and more -- create opportunities for exploratory discovery unconstrained by specific research questions. We term this process hypothesis hunting:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Tennison Liu , Silas Ruhrberg Estévez , David L. Bentley , Mihaela van der Schaar

A close partnership between people and partially autonomous machines has enabled decades of space exploration. But to further expand our horizons, our systems must become more capable. Increasing the nature and degree of autonomy - allowing…

We introduce a novel large language model (LLM)-driven agent framework, which iteratively refines queries and filters contextual evidence by leveraging dynamically evolving knowledge. A defining feature of the system is its decoupling of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Seyoung Song

AI research agents can now generate research ideas, design experiments, run code, and draft papers, raising the possibility of large-scale AI-assisted scientific discovery. Many current agent frameworks explicitly encourage the generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yixuan Tang , Yi Yang

The rapid expansion of scientific data has widened the gap between analytical capability and research intent. Existing AI-based analysis tools, ranging from AutoML frameworks to agentic research assistants, either favor automation over…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Chuke Chen , Biao Luo , Nan Li , Boxiang Wang , Hang Yang , Jing Guo , Ming Xu

The rapid accumulation of Earth science data has created a significant scalability challenge; while repositories like PANGAEA host vast collections of datasets, citation metrics indicate that a substantial portion remains underutilized,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Dmitrii Pantiukhin , Ivan Kuznetsov , Boris Shapkin , Antonia Anna Jost , Thomas Jung , Nikolay Koldunov

The rapid advance of generative AI is reshaping the strategic vision for R&D across industries. The unique challenges of pharmaceutical R&D will see applications of generative AI deliver value along the entire value chain from early…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-21 Guy Doron , Sam Genway , Mark Roberts , Sai Jasti