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While diffusion priors generate high-quality posterior samples across many inverse problems, they are often trained on limited training sets or purely simulated data, thus inheriting the errors and biases of these underlying sources.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Frederic Wang , Katherine L. Bouman

Inverse problems exist in many disciplines of science and engineering. In computer vision, for example, tasks such as inpainting, deblurring, and super resolution can be effectively modeled as inverse problems. Recently, denoising diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Shayan Mohajer Hamidi , En-Hui Yang

Diffusion Models achieve state-of-the-art performance in generating new samples but lack a low-dimensional latent space that encodes the data into editable features. Inversion-based methods address this by reversing the denoising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Łukasz Staniszewski , Łukasz Kuciński , Kamil Deja

We present a method for supervised learning of sparsity-promoting regularizers for image denoising. Sparsity-promoting regularization is a key ingredient in solving modern image reconstruction problems; however, the operators underlying…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-11 Michael T. McCann , Saiprasad Ravishankar

The post-training pipeline for diffusion models currently has two stages: supervised fine-tuning (SFT) on curated data and reinforcement learning (RL) with reward models. A fundamental gap separates them. SFT optimizes the denoiser only on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-20 You Qin , Linqing Wang , Hao Fei , Roger Zimmermann , Liefeng Bo , Qinglin Lu , Chunyu Wang

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in image generation and editing tasks. Inversion within these models aims to recover the latent noise representation for a real or generated image, enabling reconstruction, editing, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Zixiang Li , Haoyu Wang , Wei Wang , Chuangchuang Tan , Yunchao Wei , Yao Zhao

Denoising is intuitively related to projection. Indeed, under the manifold hypothesis, adding random noise is approximately equivalent to orthogonal perturbation. Hence, learning to denoise is approximately learning to project. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Frank Permenter , Chenyang Yuan

Recent work uses reinforcement learning (RL) to fine-tune text-to-image diffusion models, improving text-image alignment and sample quality. However, existing approaches introduce unnecessary complexity: they cache the full sampling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Yanting Miao , William Loh , Pacal Poupart , Suraj Kothawade

In this paper, we propose two algorithms for solving linear inverse problems when the observations are corrupted by noise. A proper data fidelity term (log-likelihood) is introduced to reflect the statistics of the noise (e.g. Gaussian,…

Applications · Statistics 2011-03-14 François-Xavier Dupé , Jalal Fadili , Jean-Luc Starck

The objective of this work is to quantify the reconstruction error in sparse inverse problems with measures and stochastic noise, motivated by optimal sensor placement. To be useful in this context, the error quantities must be explicit in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-19 Phuoc-Truong Huynh , Konstantin Pieper , Daniel Walter

Ultrasound image reconstruction can be approximately cast as a linear inverse problem that has traditionally been solved with penalized optimization using the $l_1$ or $l_2$ norm, or wavelet-based terms. However, such regularization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Yuxin Zhang , Clément Huneau , Jérôme Idier , Diana Mateus

Richardson-Lucy deconvolution is widely used to restore images from degradation caused by the broadening effects of a point spread function and corruption by photon shot noise, in order to recover an underlying object. In practice, this is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Zachary H. Hendrix , Peter T. Brown , Tim Flanagan , Douglas P. Shepherd , Ayush Saurabh , Steve Pressé

Looped transformers scale computational depth without increasing parameter count by repeatedly applying a shared transformer block and can be used for iterative refinement, where each loop rewrites a full fixed-size prediction in parallel.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Chris Cameron , Wangzheng Wang , Nikita Ivanov , Ashmita Bhattacharyya , Didier Chételat , Yingxue Zhang

Diffusion models have marked a significant breakthrough in the synthesis of semantically coherent images. However, their extensive noise estimation networks and the iterative generation process limit their wider application, particularly on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Yuzhe Yao , Feng Tian , Jun Chen , Haonan Lin , Guang Dai , Yong Liu , Jingdong Wang

Although learning-based image restoration methods have made significant progress, they still struggle with limited generalization to real-world scenarios due to the substantial domain gap caused by training on synthetic data. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Kang Liao , Zongsheng Yue , Zhouxia Wang , Chen Change Loy

This paper introduces two key contributions aimed at improving the speed and quality of images generated through inverse diffusion processes. The first contribution involves reparameterizing the diffusion process in terms of the angle on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Zhenkai Zhang , Krista A. Ehinger , Tom Drummond

Pose Graph Optimization (PGO) is an important non-convex optimization problem and is the state-of-the-art formulation for SLAM in robotics. It also has applications like camera motion estimation, structure from motion and 3D reconstruction…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-06-04 S. M. Nasiri , Reshad Hosseini , Hadi Moradi

Phase retrieval refers to a classical nonconvex problem of recovering a signal from its Fourier magnitude measurements. Inspired by the compressed sensing technique, signal sparsity is exploited in recent studies of phase retrieval to…

Computational Physics · Physics 2013-02-04 Zai Yang , Cishen Zhang , Lihua Xie

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful generative techniques for solving inverse problems. Despite their success in a variety of inverse problems in imaging, these models require many steps to converge, leading to slow inference time.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-13 Yaşar Utku Alçalar , Mehmet Akçakaya

Diffusion models have recently achieved success in solving Bayesian inverse problems with learned data priors. Current methods build on top of the diffusion sampling process, where each denoising step makes small modifications to samples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Bingliang Zhang , Wenda Chu , Julius Berner , Chenlin Meng , Anima Anandkumar , Yang Song