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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success in open-vocabulary perceptual tasks, yet their ability to solve complex cognitive problems remains limited, especially when visual details are abstract and require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Boyi Li , Yifan Shen , Yuanzhe Liu , Yifan Xu , Jiateng Liu , Xinzhuo Li , Zhengyuan Li , Jingyuan Zhu , Yunhan Zhong , Fangzhou Lan , Jianguo Cao , James M. Rehg , Heng Ji , Ismini Lourentzou , Xu Cao

A long-standing goal of AI systems is to perform complex multimodal reasoning like humans. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have made remarkable strides in such multi-step reasoning on the language modality solely by leveraging the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Ge Zheng , Bin Yang , Jiajin Tang , Hong-Yu Zhou , Sibei Yang

Existing text scoring methods require a large corpus, struggle with short texts, or require hand-labeled data. We develop a text scoring framework that leverages generative large language models (LLMs) to (1) set texts against the backdrop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Patrick Y. Wu , Jonathan Nagler , Joshua A. Tucker , Solomon Messing

Data visualizations like charts are fundamental tools for quantitative analysis and decision-making across fields, requiring accurate interpretation and mathematical reasoning. The emergence of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Anku Rani , Aparna Garimella , Apoorv Saxena , Balaji Vasan Srinivasan , Paul Pu Liang

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their impressive abilities in various reasoning and decision-making tasks. However, the quality and coherence of the reasoning process can still benefit from enhanced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Shihao Ji , Zihui Song , Fucheng Zhong , Jisen Jia , Zhaobo Wu , Zheyi Cao , Tianhao Xu

Chart understanding is crucial for deploying multimodal large language models (MLLMs) in real-world scenarios such as analyzing scientific papers and technical reports. Unlike natural images, charts pair a structured visual layout (spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Zhuoming Liu , Xiaofeng Gao , Feiyang Niu , Qiaozi Gao , Liu Liu , Robinson Piramuthu

Visual reasoning is crucial for multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to address complex chart queries, yet high-quality rationale data remains scarce. Existing methods leveraged (M)LLMs for data generation, but direct prompting often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Zijian Li , Jingjing Fu , Lei Song , Jiang Bian , Jun Zhang , Rui Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance in complex reasoning tasks through the use of Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning, allowing models to break down problems into manageable sub-tasks. However, existing CoT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Jean-Francois Ton , Muhammad Faaiz Taufiq , Yang Liu

Pretrained large language models (LLMs) are widely used in many sub-fields of natural language processing (NLP) and generally known as excellent few-shot learners with task-specific exemplars. Notably, chain of thought (CoT) prompting, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Takeshi Kojima , Shixiang Shane Gu , Machel Reid , Yutaka Matsuo , Yusuke Iwasawa

With the development of generative artificial intelligence and instruction tuning techniques, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made impressive progress on general reasoning tasks. Benefiting from the chain-of-thought (CoT)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Junjie Zhou , Yingli Zuo , Shichang Feng , Peng Wan , Qi Zhu , Daoqiang Zhang , Wei Shao

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have yielded increasingly powerful models, yet their perceptual capacities remain poorly characterized. In practice, most model families scale language component while reusing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Tejas Anvekar , Fenil Bardoliya , Pavan K. Turaga , Chitta Baral , Vivek Gupta

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities by integrating pre-trained vision encoders with large language models (LLMs). Similar to single-modal LLMs, chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting has been adapted for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Shin'ya Yamaguchi , Kosuke Nishida , Daiki Chijiwa

Large language models (LLMs) equipped with chain-of-thought (CoT) achieve strong performance and offer a window into LLM behavior. However, recent evidence suggests that improvements in CoT capabilities often come with redundant reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yanrui Du , Sendong Zhao , Yibo Gao , Danyang Zhao , Qika Lin , Ming Ma , Jiayun Li , Yi Jiang , Kai He , Qianyi Xu , Bing Qin , Mengling Feng

Large language models (LLMs), such as GPT3.5, GPT4 and LLAMA2 perform surprisingly well and outperform human experts on many tasks. However, in many domain-specific evaluations, these LLMs often suffer from hallucination problems due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Yuqi Wang , Boran Jiang , Yi Luo , Dawei He , Peng Cheng , Liangcai Gao

Achieving human-like reasoning capabilities in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has long been a goal. Current methods primarily focus on synthesizing positive rationales, typically relying on manual annotations or complex systems.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Wentao Tan , Qiong Cao , Yibing Zhan , Chao Xue , Changxing Ding

In utilizing large language models (LLMs) for mathematical reasoning, addressing the errors in the reasoning and calculation present in the generated text by LLMs is a crucial challenge. In this paper, we propose a novel framework that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Ryutaro Yamauchi , Sho Sonoda , Akiyoshi Sannai , Wataru Kumagai

Document understanding with multimodal large language models (MLLMs) requires not only accurate answers but also explicit, evidence-grounded reasoning, especially in high-stakes scenarios. However, current document MLLMs still fall short of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yuchuan Wu , Minghan Zhuo , Teng Fu , Mengyang Zhao , Bin Li , Xiangyang Xue

Test-time scaling has enabled Large Language Models (LLMs) to tackle complex reasoning, yet the limitations of current Chain-of-Thought (CoT) evaluation obscures whether performance gains stem from genuine reasoning or mere verbosity. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Zhizhang Fu , Yuancheng Gu , Chenkai Hu , Hanmeng Liu , Yue Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown great potential in supporting automated code review due to their impressive capabilities in context understanding and reasoning. However, these capabilities are still limited compared to human-level…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Yongda Yu , Guohao Shi , Xianwei Wu , Haochuan He , XueMing Gu , Qianqian Zhao , Kui Liu , Qiushi Wang , Zhao Tian , Haifeng Shen , Guoping Rong

Recent advancements in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown unprecedented capabilities in advancing various vision-language tasks. However, MLLMs face significant challenges with hallucinations, and misleading outputs that do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Shengqiong Wu , Hao Fei , Liangming Pan , William Yang Wang , Shuicheng Yan , Tat-Seng Chua
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