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Recently, we introduced CaloFlow, a high-fidelity generative model for GEANT4 calorimeter shower emulation based on normalizing flows. Here, we present CaloFlow v2, an improvement on our original framework that speeds up shower generation…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-05-08 Claudius Krause , David Shih

Monte Carlo simulations are essential for physics analyses in high-energy physics, but their computational demands are continuously increasing. In LHCb, 90 % of computing resources are used for simulations, with the calorimeter simulation…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-11-05 Michał Mazurek

Computationally expensive, high-accuracy detector simulations are a major bottleneck for many particle physics experiments such as those at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) as well as those planned for future colliders. This challenge has…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-03-17 P. Alex May , Qibin Liu , Julia Gonski , Benjamin Nachman

We show the first use of generative transformers for generating calorimeter showers as point clouds in a high-granularity calorimeter. Using the tokenizer and generative part of the OmniJet-${\alpha}$ model, we represent the hits in the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-06-12 Joschka Birk , Frank Gaede , Anna Hallin , Gregor Kasieczka , Martina Mozzanica , Henning Rose

High-granularity calorimeters make ML-based fast shower simulation a high-dimensional generative modeling problem, where voxel-space generators must balance physics fidelity with training and inference cost. This work studies large-patch…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-05-13 Zhengkun Huang , Gongxing Sun

Accurate methane sorption prediction across heterogeneous coal ranks requires models that combine thermodynamic consistency, efficient knowledge transfer across data-scarce geological systems, and calibrated uncertainty estimates,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Mohammad Nooraiepour , Zezhang Song , Wei Li , Sarah Perez

The high-luminosity upgrade of the LHC will come with unprecedented physics and computing challenges. One of these challenges is the accurate reconstruction of particles in events with up to 200 simultaneous proton-proton interactions. The…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-06-04 Shah Rukh Qasim , Kenneth Long , Jan Kieseler , Maurizio Pierini , Raheel Nawaz

Modern particle physics experiments face an increasing demand for high-fidelity detector simulation as luminosities rise and computational requirements approach the limits of available resources. Deep generative models have emerged as…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-04-01 Carlos Cardona-Giraldo , Cristiano Fanelli , James Giroux , Cole Granger , Benjamin Nachman , Gerald Sabin

To achieve state-of-the-art jet energy resolution for Particle Flow, sophisticated energy clustering algorithms must be developed that can fully exploit available information to separate energy deposits from charged and neutral particles.…

The need for large-scale production of highly accurate simulated event samples for the extensive physics programme of the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider motivates the development of new simulation techniques. Building on the…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2024-04-18 ATLAS Collaboration

The ability to perform ab initio molecular dynamics simulations using potential energies calculated on quantum computers would allow virtually exact dynamics for chemical and biochemical systems, with substantial impacts on the fields of…

Motivated by the computational limitations of simulating interactions of particles in highly-granular detectors, there exists a concerted effort to build fast and exact machine-learning-based shower simulators. This work reports progress on…

In the quest to build generative surrogate models as computationally efficient alternatives to rule-based simulations, the quality of the generated samples remains a crucial frontier. So far, normalizing flows have been among the models…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-09-05 Thorsten Buss , Frank Gaede , Gregor Kasieczka , Claudius Krause , David Shih

The prospect of quantum computing with a potential exponential speed-up compared to classical computing identifies it as a promising method in the search for alternative future High Energy Physics (HEP) simulation approaches. HEP…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-30 Florian Rehm , Sofia Vallecorsa , Michele Grossi , Kerstin Borras , Dirk Krücker

The fluctuations in energy loss to processes that do not generate measurable signals, such as binding energy losses, set the limit on achievable hadronic energy resolution in traditional energy reconstruction techniques. The correlation…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-02-26 N. Akchurin , J. Cash , J. Damgov , X. Delashaw , K. Lamichhane , M. Harris , M. Kelley , S. Kunori , H. Mergate-Cacace , T. Peltola , O. Schneider , J. Sewell

Simulating particle detector response is the single most expensive step in the Large Hadron Collider computational pipeline. Recently it was shown that normalizing flows can accelerate this process while achieving unprecedented levels of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-02-15 Matthew R. Buckley , Claudius Krause , Ian Pang , David Shih

In the realm of high-energy physics, the longevity of calorimeters is paramount. Our research introduces a deep learning strategy to refine the calibration process of calorimeters used in particle physics experiments. We develop a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-07 S. Ali , A. S. Ryzhikov , D. A. Derkach , F. D. Ratnikov , V. O. Bocharnikov

The rise of machine learning has greatly influenced the field of computational chemistry, and that of atomistic molecular dynamics simulations in particular. One of its most exciting prospects is the development of accurate,…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-06-14 Silvan Käser , Markus Meuwly

The speed and fidelity of detector simulations in particle physics pose compelling questions about LHC analysis and future colliders. The sparse high-dimensional data, combined with the required precision, provide a challenging task for…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-27 Luigi Favaro , Andrea Giammanco , Claudius Krause

A general approach to a fast simulation of electromagnetic showers using parameterizations of the longitudinal and radial profiles in homogeneous and sampling calorimeters is described. The dependence of the shower development on the…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2007-05-23 G. Grindhammer , S. Peters