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Sub-nuclear fluctuations in the initial state of heavy-ion collisions impact not only transverse long-range correlations of small systems, but also the creation of longitudinal structures, seen in particle detectors as longitudinal…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-04-02 Oscar Garcia-Montero , Sören Schlichting , Jie Zhu

Heavy-ion experiments provide a new opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the structure of nuclei. To achieve this, it is crucial to identify observables under circumstances that are minimally affected by the process that leads to…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-06-21 S. M. A. Tabatabaee , S. F. Taghavi

The strong repulsive core of the nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction at short distances prevents nucleons from becoming close to each other. This gives rise to high-momentum nucleons in the nucleus that cannot be explained in the context of…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-06-11 Nadia Fomin

Nucleon short-range correlations (SRCs) and the associated high-momentum tail (HMT) in its momentum distribution $n(k)$ represent a universal feature of strongly interacting Fermi systems. In nuclear matter, SRCs arise primarily from the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-12-30 Bao-Jun Cai , Bao-An Li , Yu-Gang Ma

Nucleon short-range correlations (SRCs) and their high-momentum tails (HMTs) encode key short-range dynamics in nuclei and dense matter. This review provides a concise overview of SRC features relevant to the Equation of State (EOS) of…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-03-20 Bao-Jun Cai , Bao-An Li , Yu-Gang Ma

The effects of nucleon-nucleon (NN) short range correlations (SRC) and Gribov inelastic shadowing (IS) in high energy collisions are illustrated.

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-08-19 C. Ciofi degli Atti

It is well understood that subnuclear fluctuations in the initial state of heavy-ion collisions have an important impact on the creation of long-range correlations in the transverse plane. This is also true for the creation of particle…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-10-23 Oscar Garcia-Montero , Sören Schlichting , Jie Zhu

Electron scattering measurements from high-momentum nucleons in nuclei at SLAC and Jefferson Lab (JLab) have shown that these nucleons are generally associated with two-nucleon short-range correlations (2N-SRCs). These SRCs are formed when…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2023-09-11 Nadia Fomin , John Arrington , Shujie Li

We review recent developments in the ab-initio theoretical description of the initial state in heavy-ion collisions. We emphasize the importance of fluctuations, both for the phenomenological description of experimental data from the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-11-23 Francois Gelis , Bjoern Schenke

Many probes are proposed to determine the quark-gluon plasma and explore its properties in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Some of them are related to initial states of the collisions, such as collective flow, Hanbury-Brown-Twiss…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-11-29 Yu-Gang Ma , Song Zhang

Valence-shell nucleon knock-out experiments, such as 12C(e,e'p)11B, measure less strength then is predicted by independent particle shell model calculations. The theoretical solution to this problem is to include the correlations between…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-05-20 Douglas W. Higinbotham

When protons and neutrons (nucleons) are bound into atomic nuclei, they are close enough together to feel significant attraction, or repulsion, from the strong, short-distance part of the nucleon-nucleon interaction. These strong…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2022-10-11 S. Li , R. Cruz-Torres , N. Santiesteban , Z. H. Ye , D. Abrams , S. Alsalmi , D. Androic , K. Aniol , J. Arrington , T. Averett , C. Ayerbe Gayoso , J. Bane , S. Barcus , J. Barrow , A. Beck , V. Bellini , H. Bhatt , D. Bhetuwal , D. Biswas , D. Bulumulla , A. Camsonne , J. Castellanos , J. Chen , J-P. Chen , D. Chrisman , M. E. Christy , C. Clarke , S. Covrig , K. Craycraft , D. Day , D. Dutta , E. Fuchey , C. Gal , F. Garibaldi , T. N. Gautam , T. Gogami , J. Gomez , P. Guèye , A. Habarakada , T. J. Hague , J. O. Hansen , F. Hauenstein , W. Henry , D. W. Higinbotham , R. J. Holt , C. Hyde , T. Itabashi , M. Kaneta , A. Karki , A. T. Katramatou , C. E. Keppel , M. Khachatryan , V. Khachatryan , P. M. King , I. Korover , L. Kurbany , T. Kutz , N. Lashley-Colthirst , W. B. Li , H. Liu , N. Liyanage , E. Long , J. Mammei , P. Markowitz , R. E. McClellan , F. Meddi , D. Meekins , S. Mey-Tal Beck , R. Michaels , M. Mihovilovič , A. Moyer , S. Nagao , V. Nelyubin , D. Nguyen , M. Nycz , M. Olson , L. Ou , V. Owen , C. Palatchi , B. Pandey , A. Papadopoulou , S. Park , S. Paul , T. Petkovic , R. Pomatsalyuk , S. Premathilake , V. Punjabi , R. D. Ransome , P. E. Reimer , J. Reinhold , S. Riordan , J. Roche , V. M. Rodriguez , A. Schmidt , B. Schmookler , E. P. Segarra , A. Shahinyan , K. Slifer , P. Solvignon , S. Širca , T. Su , R. Suleiman , H. Szumila-Vance , L. Tang , Y. Tian , W. Tireman , F. Tortorici , Y. Toyama , K. Uehara , G. M. Urciuoli , D. Votaw , J. Williamson , B. Wojtsekhowski , S. Wood , J. Zhang , X. Zheng

Relativistic isobar ($^{96}_{44}$Ru+$^{96}_{44}$Ru and $^{96}_{40}$Zr+$^{96}_{40}$Zr) collisions have revealed intricate differences in their nuclear size and shape, inspiring unconventional studies of nuclear structure using relativistic…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-07-08 Jian-fei Wang , Hao-jie Xu , Fuqiang Wang

With the aim at quantitatively investigating the longstanding problem concerning the effect of short range nucleon-nucleon correlations on scattering processes at high energies, the total neutron-nucleus cross section is calculated within a…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 M. Alvioli , C. Ciofi degli Atti , I. Marchino , V. Palli , H. Morita

The relation between the nuclear EMC effect and the nucleon-nucleon short-range correlation is a hot topic in high-energy nuclear physics, ever since a peculiar linear correlation between these two phenomena discovered. In this paper, the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-05-28 Na-Na Ma , Tao-Feng Wang , Rong Wang

Three nucleon short range correlations~(SRCs) are one of the most elusive structures in nuclei. Their observation and the subsequent study of their internal makeup will have a significant impact on our understanding of the dynamics of…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-01-08 Misak M. Sargsian , Donal B. Day , Leonid L. Frankfurt , Mark I. Strikman

Atomic nuclei and dense nucleonic matter in neutron stars exhibit short-range correlations (SRCs), where nucleons form temporally correlated pairs in proximity beyond mean-field approximation. It is essential to make precision measurement…

In the first part of the talk we discuss the role of the two-body nucleon-nucleon correlations on signatures of the heavy-ion collisions which are a priori expected to be sensitive to these effects. We find that while the fluctuations of…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2010-11-02 Wojciech Broniowski , Maciej Rybczynski , Lukasz Obara , Mikolaj Chojnacki

This article reviews our current understanding of how the internal quark structure of a nucleon bound in nuclei differs from that of a free nucleon. We focus on the interpretation of measurements of the EMC effect for valence quarks, a…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2017-12-06 O. Hen , G. A. Miller , E. Piasetzky , L. B. Weinstein

We investigate the influence of the central two-body NN correlations on several quantities observed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. It is demonstrated with explicit Monte Carlo simulations, that the basic correlation measures, such as…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-11-20 Wojciech Broniowski , Maciej Rybczynski
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