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Existing memory systems enable Large Language Models (LLMs) to support long-horizon human-LLM interactions by persisting historical interactions beyond limited context windows. However, while recent approaches have succeeded in constructing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Haidong Xin , Xinze Li , Zhenghao Liu , Yukun Yan , Shuo Wang , Cheng Yang , Yu Gu , Ge Yu , Maosong Sun

Reasoning is a hallmark of human intelligence, enabling adaptive decision-making in complex and unfamiliar scenarios. In contrast, machine intelligence remains bound to training data, lacking the ability to dynamically refine solutions at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Shaheer U. Saeed , Yipei Wang , Veeru Kasivisvanathan , Brian R. Davidson , Matthew J. Clarkson , Yipeng Hu , Daniel C. Alexander

Understanding real-world videos with complex semantics and long temporal dependencies remains a fundamental challenge in computer vision. Recent progress in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has demonstrated strong capabilities in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Hongyu Li , Songhao Han , Yue Liao , Junfeng Luo , Jialin Gao , Shuicheng Yan , Si Liu

Multimodal adaptation equips large language models (LLMs) with perceptual capabilities, but often weakens the reasoning ability inherited from language-only pretraining. This trade-off is especially pronounced in video-language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Zihang Fu , Haonan Wang , Jian Kang , Kenji Kawaguchi , Jiaying Wu

As evaluation designs of large language models may shape our trajectory toward artificial general intelligence, comprehensive and forward-looking assessment is essential. Existing benchmarks primarily assess static knowledge, while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Jiayin Wang , Zhiquang Guo , Weizhi Ma , Min Zhang

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in various applications, yet LLMs face challenges such as limited context windows and difficulties in generalization. In this paper, we introduce a…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-03-04 Jason Toy , Josh MacAdam , Phil Tabor

Understanding how humans and artificial intelligence systems predict and plan by interacting with their environment is a fundamental challenge at the intersection of neuroscience and machine learning. Most brain-encoding studies focus on…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-20 Subba Reddy Oota , Anant Khandelwal , Khushbu Pahwa , Satya Sai Srinath Namburi , Tanmoy Chakraborty , Bapi S. Raju , Manish Gupta

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has emerged as a promising paradigm for enhancing reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing reward formulations typically treat exploration and consolidation as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Wenze Lin , Zhen Yang , Xitai Jiang , Xiaoteng Ma , Gao Huang

Long-form video understanding, characterized by long-range temporal dependencies and multiple events, remains a challenge. Existing methods often rely on static reasoning or external visual-language models (VLMs), which face issues like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Yuan Xie , Tianshui Chen , Zheng Ge , Lionel Ni

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong reasoning capabilities, and as existing approaches for enhancing LLM reasoning continue to mature, increasing attention has shifted toward meta-reasoning as a promising direction for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ziqing Zhuang , Linhai Zhang , Jiasheng Si , Deyu Zhou , Yulan He

We consider the problem of multi-task reasoning (MTR), where an agent can solve multiple tasks via (first-order) logic reasoning. This capability is essential for human-like intelligence due to its strong generalizability and simplicity for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Daoming Lyu , Bo Liu , Jianshu Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs), when enhanced through reasoning-oriented post-training, evolve into powerful Large Reasoning Models (LRMs). Tool-Integrated Reasoning (TIR) further extends their capabilities by incorporating external tools,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Yifan Wei , Xiaoyan Yu , Yixuan Weng , Tengfei Pan , Angsheng Li , Li Du

Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown strong potential for enhancing reasoning in multimodal large language models, yet existing video reasoning methods often rely on coarse sequence-level rewards or single-factor token selection,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Ziyue Wang , Sheng Jin , Zhongrong Zuo , Jiawei Wu , Han Qiu , Qi She , Hao Zhang , Xudong Jiang

Visual language models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong performance across diverse multimodal reasoning tasks but still face challenges such as hallucinations, resulting in incorrect reasoning outcomes. Inspired by recent research on…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Shuhang Liu , Zhenrong Zhang , Pengfei Hu , Jiefeng Ma , Jun Du , Qing Wang , Jianshu Zhang , Quan Liu , Jianqing Gao , Feng Ma

Human social interactions depend on the ability to infer others' unspoken intentions, emotions, and beliefs-a cognitive skill grounded in the psychological concept of Theory of Mind (ToM). While large language models (LLMs) excel in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Xuanming Zhang , Yuxuan Chen , Samuel Yeh , Sharon Li

Current research efforts are focused on enhancing the thinking and reasoning capability of large language model (LLM) by prompting, data-driven emergence and inference-time computation. In this study, we consider stimulating language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Ningyuan Xi , Xiaoyu Wang , Yetao Wu , Teng Chen , Qingqing Gu , Yue Zhao , Jinxian Qu , Zhonglin Jiang , Yong Chen , Luo Ji

Large Language Models (LLMs) often produce incorrect answers on multi-hop question answering even when the reasoning trace already contains a correct intermediate conclusion. We attribute this gap to weak self-regulation rather than…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Ik-hwan Kim , Hyeongrok Han , Mingi Jung , Sangwon Yu , Jinseok Hong , Sang Hun Kim , Yoonyoung Choi , Sungroh Yoon

Recent RL methods have substantially improved the reasoning abilities of LLMs. Existing reward designs mainly follow two paradigms: (1) Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) derives outcome signals from executable checks or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Sirui Chen , Lei Xu , Yuying Zhao , Yutian Chen , Yu Wang , Beier Zhu , Hanwang Zhang , Shengjie Zhao , Chaochao Lu

Recently spatial-temporal intelligence of Visual-Language Models (VLMs) has attracted much attention due to its importance for autonomous driving, embodied AI and general AI. Existing spatial-temporal benchmarks mainly focus on egocentric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Qinghongbing Xie , Zhaoyuan Xia , Feng Zhu , Lijun Gong , Ziyue Li , Rui Zhao , Long Zeng

The video reasoning ability of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) is crucial for downstream tasks like video question answering and temporal grounding. While recent approaches have explored text-based chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Haoji Zhang , Xin Gu , Jiawen Li , Chixiang Ma , Sule Bai , Chubin Zhang , Bowen Zhang , Zhichao Zhou , Dongliang He , Yansong Tang